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20 October 2025, Volume 23 Issue 5 Previous Issue   

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Monitoring results of important food-borne parasitic diseases in Sichuan Province from 2020 to 2024 DENG Xiu, LUO Jingwen, ZHANG Suping, WU Xiaohong, TIAN Hongchun, TIE Lei, LIU Yang 2025, 23 (5):  259-262,305.  Abstract ( 20 )   PDF (970KB) ( 14 )   Objective To investigate the prevalence status of major food-borne parasitic infections in Sichuan Province for evidence to optimize the prevention and control strategies. Methods From 2020 to 2024, two fixed monitoring sites were initially selected in Sichuan Province. Additionally, no fewer than 13 mobile monitoring sites will be chosen using a stratified multi-stage random sampling method based on ecological zones, ethnic composition, and economic levels. All monitoring sites were divided into 5 regions (east, west, south, north and central) according to their geographical locations. In each region, a random survey was conducted on no fewer than 200 permanent residents aged 3 and above. The modified Kato-Katz thick smear (two slides for one stool sample) was used to detect the food-borne parasitic infections in the population. Results A total of 101 831 subjects were surveyed, in whom 427 infections were identified, with an overall infection rate being 0.42%. Of these infected cases, 412 were positive for Taenia spp., 9 for Hymenolepis diminuta, and 6 for Clonorchis sinensis. No mixed infections were detected. The annual overall infection rate showed a significant upward trend (χ2trend=51.830, P<0.01), rising from 0.33% in 2020 to 0.55% in 2024. By regional distribution, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture had the highest overall infection rate (2.76%, 228/8 264), followed by Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (1.81%, 163/9 020). The infection rate was significantly different among different cities (prefectures) (χ2=1 798.623, P<0.01). The overall infection rate was 0.42% (204/48 016) for males and 0.41% (223/53 815) for females, with no statistical difference (χ2=0.067, P>0.05). Higher overall infection rates were seen in the population aged 20-29 years (1.03%, 69/6 691), herdsmen (3.27%, 67/2 048), Tibetan ethnicity (3.21%, 390/12 138), and individuals with primary school education or below (0.71%, 394/55 724). Significant differences in overall infection rates were observed across different age groups, occupations, ethnicities, and education levels (χ2=167.622, 481.554, 2 594.768, 245.903; all P<0.01). Conclusion The western pastoral areas of Sichuan Province have a relatively high prevalence of food-borne parasitic infections, and the infection is primarily associated with Taenia. In order to control the prevalence of taeniasis, it is necessary to carry out targeted health education, improve management of the livestock husbandry, and implement regular collective deworming for high-risk populations.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Surveillance results of soil-transmitted nematode infections among the population in coastal areas of Shandong Province from 2016 to 2023 LÜ Wenxiang, XU Yan, BU Cancan, LI Yuejin, WANG Longjiang, KONG Xiangli, ZHANG Benguang, YAN Ge, WANG Yongbin 2025, 23 (5):  263-267,300.  Abstract ( 14 )   PDF (915KB) ( 9 )   Objective To analyze the infection status of soil-transmitted nematodes among the population in coastal areas of Shandong Province for scientific evidences in formulation of parasite prevention and control strategies or measures. Methods From 2016 to 2023, a survey was conducted at the monitoring sites in 40 counties (cities and districts) along the coastal areas of Shandong Province. Each survey site was divided into 5 geographical zones (east, south, west, north, and central), from which one administrative village (community) was selected for monitoring, and at least 200 permanent residents aged 3 years and above were sampled from each administrative village (community). The modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (one stool sample tested twice) was used to detect soil-transmitted helminth infections, analyze the differences in infection rates among different regions and populations. Results From 2016 to 2023, a total of 43 217 people in the coastal areas of Shandong Province underwent survey, which revealed nematode infection in 558 people, with a total infection rate being 1.29% (558/43 217). The infection rates of the population over the years were 2.43%, 2.84%, 1.05%, 1.74%, 0.26%, 1.56%, 0.68% and 0.02%, respectively. The infection rate generally showed a downward trend (χ2trend=194.132, P<0.01). By regional distribution, the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes exceeded 5.00% in three counties (cities and districts), which were Rongcheng City (8.76%), Lanshan District (7.83%), and Haiyang City (5.96%). No infections were detected in the remaining 18 counties (cities and districts). Trichuris trichura was the major species for the infection, accounting for 94.80% (529/558), with an infection rate of 1.22% (529/43 217), and the infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides and Ancylostoma duodenale were 0.07% (31/43 217) and 0.03% (11/43 217), respectively. There were 13 cases of mixed infection, with an infection rate of 0.03%. The infection rates were the highest among people aged 60 and above (2.01%), farmers and herdsmen (1.72%), and illiterates or semi-illiterates (4.91%). The infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes showed significant differences among people of different ages, occupations, and educational levels (χ2=141.018, 106.445, 297.168, all P<0.01). Conclusion The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes in the coastal areas of Shandong Province has generally shown a downward trend, yet it is higher than the provincial average level, the prevalence varies greatly among different regions and populations. Trichuris trichura are the dominant species. It is recommended to continue the monitoring work and strengthen the prevention and control of the infection in key regions and populations.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Surveillance results of schistosomiasis Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2020 to 2024 LIU Jian, TANG Wenqian, LIN Yuan, JIANG Zhihua, ZHANG Weiwei, LÜ Guoli, MENG Jun, TANG Xianyan 2025, 23 (5):  268-272.  Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (970KB) ( 12 )   Objective To analyze the surveillance data from national schistosomiasis monitoring sites in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures for providing a basis to optimize regional prevention and control strategies. Methods Between 2020 and 2024, national-level surveillance sites were established in the counties (cities, districts) where schistosomiasis was endemic in history in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in compliance with the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program (2020 Edition), an conducted surveillance on the schistosomiasis infection status in floating populations and livestock, as well as the distribution and infection status of Oncomelania hupensis. Then the surveillance results were analyzed by descriptive method. Results A total of 20 473 person-times floating subjects were monitored, in whom only one person was found to be serologically positive in 2020. No fecal test-positive cases were identified. Surveillance over 5 794 head-times of livestock revealed no fecal test-positive specimens. Snail survey was conducted on a total of 3 164.89 hm2 areas, which suggested that the snail-infested area was decreased annually from 57 971 m2 to 29 810 m2. A cumulative re-emerged snail-infested area of 1 926 m2 was identified, yet no infected snails were found. Except for 2020, snail-infested environments in other years were predominantly associated with ditches. The frame positivity rate of snails in ditches showed an overall increasing trend (χ2trend=726.425, P<0.001), whereas that in paddy fields and other environments showed a decreasing trend (χ2trend=17.392 and 127.940, both P<0.001). Conclusion Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region continues to maintain the schistosomiasis elimination status, and absence of local or imported cases. However, the risk of schistosomiasis transmission still exists. In the future, further efforts should be made to improve schistosomiasis monitoring and continuously consolidate the achieved elimination outcomes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of comprehensive control effect of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, 2015-2024 SHAN Xiaowei, CHEN Xinmiao, XIAO Ying, LI Kaijie, CHEN Yanyan, LIU Si, LIU Jianbing 2025, 23 (5):  273-277.  Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (918KB) ( 4 )   Objective To evaluate the outcomes of comprehensive prevention and control of schistosomiasis implemented in Hubei Province for a scientific basis to formulate following prevention and control plan for schistosomiasis infections. Methods The data on schistosomiasis prevention and control were initially obtained from the health, water conservancy, agriculture, forestry and other departments in 63 schistosomiasis-endemic counties (cities, districts) in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2024. Then a database was established to analyze the status of prevention and control measures implemented, the achievement of major work indicators, and the effectiveness of schistosomiasis comprehensively prevention and control was evaluated. Results From 2015 to 2024, a total of 12.018 2 million person-times in Hubei Province underwent inquiry examination for schistosomiasis, and 2.052 million person-times of them with positive results. A total of 10.744 8 million person-times of population were subjected to serology tests for the disease screening, and 213 400 person-times with positive findings received further confirmation. Fecal examination were completed for 406 500 person-times, and no positive fecal test results were found since 2016. A total of 1.501 8 million head-times of livestock underwent screening for schistosomiasis, yet no positive cases in farm cattle had been detected since 2015. Snail surveys were conducted in an area of 1.506 6 million hm2, where Oncomelania hupensis was newly discovered in an area of 133.34 hm2, and snail resurgence was identified in an area of 1 066.32 hm2. No infectious Oncomelania hupensis had been detected since 2015, and the area with positive Oncomelania hupensis remained at 0. Among the 63 endemic counties (cities and districts) in the province, 43 have met the elimination criteria and 20 have met the transmission blocking criteria. Conclusion From 2015 to 2024, the comprehensive prevention and control of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province, mainly focusing on the control of infection sources, achieved relatively remarkable results. In the next stage, it is necessary to strengthen risk monitoring, enhance inter-departmental collaboration, optimize team building, and ensure the achievement of the goal of eliminating schistosomiasis. Related Articles | Metrics

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The control effect of soil-transmitted nematode in the pilot counties of the National Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Prevention and Control Project in Sichuan Province, 2019-2023 WU Xiaohong, MAO Xiaoqin, ZHANG Chengquan, LI Jiawen, LUO Jingwen, TIE Lei, DENG Xiu, ZHANG Suping, LIU Yang 2025, 23 (5):  278-282,309.  Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (986KB) ( 15 )   Objective To evaluate the effect of the National Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Prevention and Control Project implemented in Sichuan Province for a scientific basis for the prevention and control of this infection in Sichuan Province. Methods From 2019 to 2023, Hejiang County and Leibo County in Sichuan Province were designated as pilot counties for the National Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis Prevention and Control Project. Comprehensive control measures were implemented, including monitoring of human infections, health education, deworming medication, improvements in water supply and sanitation facilities, and capacity building for healthcare professionals. It should be noted that no human infection monitoring was conducted in Leibo County in 2019. The data, including population infection rate, health education coverage rate, awareness rate of prevention and control knowledge, coverage rate of drug deworming, sanitary toilet construction and safe drinking water as well as professional training rate, and the allocation rate of qualified laboratory personnel in township health centers, were collected and subjected to descriptive analysis. Results The average annual soil-transmitted nematode infection rate was 6.60% (330/5 000) in Hejiang County, decreasing from 9.30% in 2019 to 2.60% in 2023, showing an overall downward trend (χ²trend=96.62, P<0.001). The monitoring was carried out in Leibo County from 2020 to 2023, during which the average annual infection rate was 17.32% (695/4 013), and the highest in 2020 (31.00%) and lowest in 2021 (5.50%). The coverage in health education in Hejiang County and Leibo County was increased from 0.31% to 100.00%, and from 1.74% to 43.67%, respectively. The awareness rate of prevention and control knowledge among the residents in both counties showed a yearly increasing trend (χ²trend=102.87, χ²trend=60.59, both P<0.001), rising from 76.00% and 84.00% to 98.80% and 97.20%, respectively. The coverage rate of sanitary toilets and safe drinking water was continuously increased from 75.00% to 91.10% and maintained by 100.00% after 2020 in Hejiang County, and remained over 96.88% and at 100.00% in Leibo County. The training rate of professional personnel in both counties reached 100.00%. The allocation rate of qualified laboratory personnel was 100.00% in Hejiang County, and increased from 10.64% in 2019 to 57.14% in 2023 in Leibo County. For the coverage rate of deworming medication among key populations, Hejiang County was at 85.59%, and Leibo County at 87.74%. Conclusion The project for the prevention and control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Sichuan Province has achieved good results in the pilot counties, and is worthy of further promotion.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Changsha City from 2011 to 2022 DUAN Chenlin, CHEN Shuilian, QIU Jinsong, SHI Ling, WANG Zhiyu, ZHOU Yinzhu 2025, 23 (5):  283-288.  Abstract ( 13 )   PDF (4238KB) ( 15 )   Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Changsha from 2011 to 2022 for evidences for prevention and control of this entity. Methods The case data on HFRS in Changsha area reported from 2011 to 2022 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the temporal, regional and population distribution of HFRS cases. Software ArcGIS 10.8 and SaTScan 10.1 were used to respectively analyze the spatial autocorrelation and spatiotemporal clustering of HFRS. Results A total of 1 519 case of HFRS, including 9 deaths, were reported in Changsha area from 2011 to 2022. The mortality was 0.01/100 000 population. There were two epidemic peaks in terms of temporal distribution, which occurred from April to June and from November to January of the following year. The ages of the cases were in population aged between 40 and 59 years (50.89%; 773/1 519). Farmers constituted the main occupational group (71.43%; 1 085/1 519). By gender distribution, males wre in the majority (71.49%; 1 086/1 519). Ningxiang and Liuyang were the higher prevalence areas of HFRS in Changsha, accounting for 68.47% (1 040/1 519) of all cases, with an average annual reported incidence rate was 4.41/100 000 and 2.42/100 000, respectively. The hotspot areas for HFRS in Changsha are between 2011 and 2022 were primarily distributed in the central and eastern towns of Ningxiang City, as well as the Liuyang area surrounding the east of Dashanchong Forest Park, while the coldspot areas were mainly centered around Furong District in the city center and its surrounding regions. The kernel density estimation (KDE) showed that the high-intensity clustering areas were located in the Chengjiao Subdistrict of Ningxiang City and its surrounding regions, while the medium-intensity clustering areas were distributed around Beisheng Town of Liuyang City and the junction area of four districts (Furong, Tianxin, Kaifu, and Yuhua) in the central main urban area. The spatiotemporal scan detected a Type Ⅰ clustering area occurring from August 1, 2014, to June 30, 2020, covering 22 townships with Xiangzikou Town of Ningxiang as the center and a radius of 55.60 km. Conclusion The incidence of HFRS in Changsha City still remains at a relatively high level, with obvious spatiotemporal distribution, yet the scope of the source of the epidemic is basically stable. The key prevention and control areas shall be Ningxiang and Liuyang, the traditional epidemic areas where HFRS occurs, and at the same time, the old city center should be taken into account.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on the impact of environmental pH on culturable microorganisms in Oncomelania hupensis LONG Ping, XU Ning, HUANG Junhui, WANG Jiamin, ZHU Liyun, ZHOU Yu, GONG Yanfeng, JIANG Qingwu, ZHOU Yibiao 2025, 23 (5):  289-295.  Abstract ( 9 )   PDF (7168KB) ( 7 )   Objective To characterize the structure of the culturable microbial communities in Oncomelania hupensis(O. hupensis), and investigate the effects of environmental pH on the microorganisms cultured from O. hupensis for a reference in microbial control of this snail species. Methods The field-collected negative O. hupensis were randomized to neutral groups (A1, A2), acidic groups (B1, B2), alkaline groups (C1, C2), and a field group (Y) (n=10 in each group). Snails in groups A1, B1, and C1 were maintained in dechlorinated water (pH=7), acidic culture medium (pH=4), and alkaline culture medium (pH=10), respectively, for one week, and those in groups A2, B2, and C2 were treated with the same protocol for two weeks. Snails in group Y were directly dissected upon sampling. The soft snail tissues were collected and used to prepare bacterial suspensions, which were continued for the culture and isolation of aerobic bacteria and fungi, and the total number of bacterial colonies was counted. The Biolog microbial identification system, together with microscopic staining observation, was used to identify the types of microorganisms. Results The total cultivable colony counts within O. hupensis from the field group (Y), neutral groups (A1, A2), acidic groups (B1, B2), and alkaline groups (C1, C2) were (6.106±0.854), (6.520±0.365), (7.002±0.627), (7.434±0.400), (6.928±0.294), (7.233±0.564), and (7.527±0.693) lg CFU/g, respectively. The total colony counts of the alkaline group (C1) and acidic group (B1) cultured for 1 week were higher than those of the neutral group (A1), and the total colony count was higher in alkaline group (C2) than that in neutral group (A2) and acidic group (B2) after being cultured for 2 weeks (all P<0.05). Seven aerobic bacterial species were isolated from O. hupensis, with Rathayibacter tritici, Flavobacterium hydatis, and Kluyvera cryocrescens as dominant strains. Fourteen fungal species were isolated, with Cryptococcus neoformans B, Trigonosporomyces hylophilus, and Trichosporon beigelii A as dominant strains. Conclusion The structure of the culturable microbiota in the O. hupensis undergoes corresponding change from the field habitat to the laboratory-rearing setting. Alkaline condition may enhance the diversity of cultivable aerobic bacteria in the snails, yet ecological significance of environment for O. hupensis survival remains to be further elucidated.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Diversity of symbiotic microbiota of adult Cheyletus malaccensis LI Minjie, WU Yiqiang, LIAO Shiyi, YANG Yuzhe, HONG Yujie, XIE Yunfeng, WU Anyun, LIU Jia, SUN Entao 2025, 23 (5):  296-300.  Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (981KB) ( 3 )   Objective To investigate the composition and diversity of the symbiotic microorganisms of adult Cheyletus malaccensis for biological data for large-scale breeding of Cheyletus malaccensis and its application in biological control of stored grain pests. Methods Specimens of C. malaccensis were captured in 2022 from the stored grain in a farm granary in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, and purely cultivated after morphological identification. Then total DNA was extracted from adult mites, and subjected to high-throughput sequencing at the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and the ITS1 region of fungal. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of symbiotic microorganisms were annotated, and their community composition and diversity were systematically analyzed. Results A total of 190 788 valid sequences at V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and 20 1736 valid sequences at ITS1 region of fungal were obtained, which were clustered into 469 and 270 OTUs, respectively. The bacterial sequences fell into 27 phyla, 50 classes, 119 orders, 200 families and 337 genera, while the fungal sequences were assigned to 4 phyla, 18 classes, 41 orders, 85 families, and 137 genera. At the phylum level, the dominant bacterial groups were Pseudomonadota (45.23%), Verrucomicrobiota (20.98%) and Bacillota (16.42%), whereas Ascomycota (93.86%) was the predominant fungal phylum. At the genus level, the most abundant bacterial genera were Izhakiella (35.62%), Candidatus Fritschea (20.95%) and Candidatus Cardinium (13.12%). The dominant fungal genera were Aspergillus (32.11%), Acremonium (14.72%) and an indeterminate genus within Hypocreales (11.20%). Alpha diversity analysis indicated the bacteria and fungi are diverse associated with adult C. malaccensis. Conclusion This study revealed the compositional structure and high diversity of the symbiotic bacteria and fungi associated with adult C. malaccensis, which can provide theoretical basis and propagation technology for artificial rearing of C. malaccensisin large scale.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after component preparation of COVID-19 convalescent plasma  LIU Yang, YAN Bing, AI Jun, BAO Jingjing, ZHANG Libo, FU Qiang, ZHANG Chun, CHEN Yun, WANG Yong 2025, 23 (5):  301-305.  Abstract ( 10 )   PDF (994KB) ( 3 )   Objective To investigate the impact of plasma component preparation on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody levels the convalescent plasma from patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for reference to optimize the preparation method for convalescent plasma. Methods A total of 129 aliquots of blood samples donated by COVID-19 convalescents were randomly collected on January 19, 2023, and measured for the total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2. Then each of the sample was processed into fresh plasma, cryoprecipitate-poor plasma, and virus-inactivated plasma (designated as Fresh Group, Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group, and Inactivated Group, respectively). The total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2 were determined in the samples in the three groups after dilution at 1∶160, and the antibody level S/Co value was calculated.  Subsequently, the IgG-positive samples from the Fresh Group (after1∶160 dilution) and their corresponding samples in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group and Inactivated Group were further diluted to serial dilutions at 1∶160, 1∶320, 1∶640, 1∶1 280, and 1∶2 560, respectively. The S/Co values of IgG antibodies in the three groups (after1∶160 dilution) were compared under different dilution conditions. Results The total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2 in the 129 samples were 6.98% (9/129) and 97.67% (126/129), respectively. The total IgG positive rates at 1∶160 dilution were 93.02% (120/129) in the Fresh Group, 87.60% (113/129) in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group, and 83.72% (108/129) in the Inactivated Group. The IgG S/Co value of the Fresh Group [8.14 (4.45, 12.24)] was higher than that of the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group [5.92 (3.09, 10.14)], and the IgG S/Co value of the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group was higher than that of the Inactivated Group [4.29 (1.73, 7.25)]. The difference was significant among the three groups (Z= -9.86, -9.76, -5.97, respectively; all P<0.017). In each maximum dilution gradient group, the S/Co values of IgG antibodies (after 1:160 dilution) in the fresh group samples were significantly higher than those in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group and the Inactivated Group. Additionally, in the maximum dilution gradient groups of  1∶320, 1∶640 and 1∶1 280 , there were statistically significant differences among the three groups of samples (all P<0.017). Conclusion The preparation process may obviously affect the IgG antibody level in the convalescent plasma from COVID-19 survivors, for which it is recommended to further optimize the plasma preparation process to maximize the retention of IgG antibody activity, thereby ensuring the quality of plasma for clinical application.  Related Articles | Metrics

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A rare case of sparganosis mansoni with pericardial effusion as the initial manifestation LIU Yuhe, GAO Chang, ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Xian, CHEN Youpeng 2025, 23 (5):  306-309.  Abstract ( 7 )   PDF (1026KB) ( 3 )   This article reports the diagnosis and treatment process of one case of sparganosis mansoni. The patients was a young man, admitted to the hospital due to “substernal pain accompanied by shortness of breath for over a week”. Cardiac MR and enhanced chest CT examinations revealed large amount of pericardial effusion. Hemorrhagic exudate was found by pericardiocentesis, and routine laboratory examination of the pericardial effusion showed a significant increase in the proportion of lymphocytes and adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels. He was initially suspected to be tuberculosis infection, yet no evidence could support this conclusion by additional laboratory studies, including mNGS of the pericardial effusion, T-SPOT.TB, and sputum AFB smear. Further inquiry into the medical history revealed that the patient had a history of consuming raw frog meat. Both routine blood test and biochemical analysis of the pericardial effusion indicated elevated eosinophils, and the serum antibody test positive for Spirometra mansoni. Consequently, empirical therapy with praziquantel was initiated. After medication, the patient’s clinical symptoms were significantly improved, and follow-up examination showed resolution of the pericardial effusion. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with an infection caused by sparganosis mansoni.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Severe whipworm infection in a patient with intellectual disability ZHANG Chunshan, WU Xiaoli, WU Jian 2025, 23 (5):  310-312,318.  Abstract ( 11 )   PDF (2035KB) ( 3 )   This article reports the diagnosis and treatment process of severe whipworm infection in a patient with intellectual disability to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of soil-transmitted helminth infections in special population group. The patient was admitted due to intermittent diarrhea and bloody stools for over eight months. Initial laboratory tests upon admission showed mild anemia, normal eosinophil levels, and mucoid bloody stools with negative results for worm eggs (later reviewed as positive). Colonoscopy revealed a large number of whipworms parasitizing the colonic wall. The patient was treated with mebendazole 200 mg twice daily for three days, which led to no significant improvement. However, the symptoms were significantly improved following medication with mebendazole 400 mg twice daily for five days. Follow-up stool examination showed no worm eggs, and colonoscopy revealed no parasites. Four months later, during follow-up, the patient presented with positive whipworm eggs. After successful deworming with another course of mebendazole as well as provision of personal hygiene care for the patient and the living environment being changed, no re-infection occurred.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advances in genotyping of Echinococcus LI Xiaolu, GUO Bangcheng, GAO Jianwei, HAI E, YANG Cong, TIAN Jinhua, BAI Nan, TIAN Yulin 2025, 23 (5):  313-318.  Abstract ( 12 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 3 )   Echinococcosis, caused by the larvae of Echinococcus (hydatid cysts) parasitizing in the liver, lung and other tissues and organs of intermediate hosts, is a globally prevalent zoonotic parasitic disease. It not only seriously endangers human health but also exerts a significant impact on the development of animal husbandry. In recent years, research on the genotyping of Echinococcus has advanced with the progress of molecular biology techniques. In this article, we reviewed the genotyping techniques of Echinococcus, major genotyping methods, research progress on the genotyping of two important Echinococcus species and their global epidemic status, with an attempt to offer an insight into the research in future and provide references for better understanding and control of echinococcosis. Related Articles | Metrics