热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 137-143.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.03.002

• 病毒性肝炎防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2024年吉林省戊型肝炎流行病学特征及时空聚集性分析

沈雪1(), 田鑫1, 翟前前1, 张洋2, 王俊锋1, 姚来顺1(), 黄飚1()   

  1. 1.吉林省疾病预防控制中心(吉林省预防医学科学院),吉林长春 130062
    2.吉林省卫生监测检验中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-19 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-08-08
  • 通信作者: 姚来顺,E-mail: yaolaishun@126.com;黄飚,E-mail: Huangbiao2000@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:沈雪,女,博士,主管医师,研究方向:传染病流行病学和应急管理。E-mail: xueshen89@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省卫生健康科技能力提升计划项目(2024B043);国家疾病预防控制局公共卫生人才培养支持项目;吉林省“长白英才计划”医疗卫生领军人才项目

Epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hepatitis E in Jilin Province, 2005-2024

SHEN Xue1(), TIAN Xin1, ZHAI Qianqian1, ZHANG Yang2, WANG Junfeng1, YAO Laishun1(), HUANG Biao1()   

  1. 1. Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Jilin Academy of Preventive Medicine), Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, China
    2. Jilin Provincial Center for Health Monitor and Inspection
  • Received:2025-04-19 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-08-08
  • Contact: YAO Laishun, E-mail: yaolaishun@126.com; HUANG Biao, E-mail: Huangbiao2000@sohu.com

摘要:

目的 了解吉林省戊型肝炎流行病学和时空聚集性特征,为精准防控提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2005—2024年吉林省戊型肝炎报告病例信息。运用描述流行病学方法分析戊型肝炎的流行特征;采用ArcGIS软件进行空间自相关分析,探测戊型肝炎发病的空间聚集性及热点地区;应用SaTScan软件进行时空扫描分析。结果 2005—2024年吉林省共报告戊型肝炎5 098例,年均报告发病率为0.96/10万,2007年报告发病率最高(1.58/10万),2020年最低(0.40/10万)。不同人群中,男性年均报告发病率为1.40/10万(3 765例),女性为0.51/10万(1 333例);报告发病率随年龄增长总体呈上升趋势,60~64岁组发病率最高(2.01/10万);职业分布以农民为主(1 598例,占31.35%)。11月—次年5月报告病例数略微上升,共报告3 209例(占62.95%),3月份累计报告病例数最多(501例,占9.83%)。空间自相关分析结果显示,戊型肝炎“高-高”聚集区和热点地区主要分布在辽源市、通化市、四平市和延边朝鲜族自治州;时空扫描分析共识别出9个戊型肝炎高发聚集区。结论 2005—2024年吉林省戊型肝炎发病率总体呈下降趋势,存在时空聚集性。建议加强吉林省南部和边境城市的戊型肝炎监测工作,对重点人群实施健康教育、疫苗接种等防控措施。

关键词: 戊型肝炎, 流行病学特征, 时空聚集性, 吉林省

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hepatitis E in Jilin Province for scientific evidences to precisely prevent and control this entity. Methods The data on hepatitis E cases reported in Jilin Province from 2005 to 2024 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using ArcGIS software to determine the spatial clustering and hotspots of hepatitis E incidence, and spatio-temporal scan analysis was performed using SaTScan software. Results A total of 5 098 hepatitis E cases were reported in Jilin Province from 2005 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.96/100 000. The reported incidence rate was the highest in 2007 (1.58/100 000), yet the lowest in 2020 (0.40/100 000). By the population genders, the average annual reported incidence rate was 1.40/100 000 in males (n=3 765), and 0.51/100 000 in females (n=1 333). The reported incidence rate was generally increased with age, peaking at the 60-64 age group (2.01/100 000). By occupation distribution, farmers were dominant (n=1 598; 31.35%). The reported cases showed a slight increase from November to May of the following year, totaling 3 209 cases (62.95%). The highest number of cases were seen in March (n=501; 9.83%). Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed that “High-High” clustering areas and hotspots of hepatitis E were primarily found in Liaoyuan City, Tonghua City, Siping City, and the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. Spatio-temporal scan analysis identified a total of 9 high-risk clusters of hepatitis E. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis E in Jilin Province showed an overall declining trend from 2005 to 2024, yet exhibited a significant spatio-temporal clustering. Our findings suggest that it is essential to strengthen surveillance on hepatitis E in southern Jilin Province and border cities, as well as to implement prevention and control measures such as health education and vaccination programs for the key populations.

Key words: Hepatitis E, Epidemiological characteristics, Spatiotemporal clustering, Jilin Province

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