热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 257-261.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.05.001

• 发热伴血小板减少综合征专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010—2023年中国发热伴血小板减少综合征死亡病例流行特征分析

岳玉娟(), 任东升, 伦辛畅   

  1. 传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,北京 102206
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-20 出版日期:2024-10-20 发布日期:2024-11-15
  • 作者简介:岳玉娟,女,博士,副研究员,研究方向:3S技术与公共卫生。E-mail: yueyujuan@icdc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B1111030002);国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10303404004)

Epidemic characteristics of fatal cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China from 2010 to 2023

YUE Yujuan(), REN Dongsheng, LUN Xinchang   

  1. National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases; National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2024-09-20 Online:2024-10-20 Published:2024-11-15

摘要:

目的 了解我国发热伴血小板减少综合征(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, SFTS)死亡病例的流行特征,为我国SFTS的科学防控提供参考。方法 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2010—2023年我国SFTS死亡病例报告数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析SFTS死亡病例的时间、地区和人群特征,以及死亡病例的发病至诊断、发病至死亡的时间间隔特征。结果 2010—2023年,全国12个省(自治区、直辖市)62个地市219个县(市、区)736个乡镇(街道)报告SFTS死亡病例1 326例,年均病死率为4.83%。年死亡数呈波浪式增长,年病死率呈波浪式下降。2019—2023年病死率逐年下降,2023年死亡数为191例,病死率为3.77%。死亡病例时间分布具有季节性,高峰期为5—7月,占总死亡数的61.84%(820/1 326)。2010—2023年报告死亡病例的地区数量不断增加,山东省死亡数占全国的51.43%(682/1 326)。男女性别比为1.15∶1;≥50岁年龄组占96.15%(1 275/1 326),病死率随年龄增加而上升;农民占84.46%(1 120/1 326)。发病至诊断时间间隔中位数2010年为89.00 d,2011—2023年为6.54~9.71 d。共有578例死亡病例在死亡后才确诊,占总报告死亡数的43.59%(578/1 326),其中山东省最多(352例)。结论 我国SFTS报告死亡数总体上升,病死率总体呈下降态势。针对死亡病例地区数量不断增多、死亡数增加等特点,建议提升各地SFTS病例监测水平与诊治能力,同时加强重点人群SFTS相关知识的宣传教育。

关键词: 发热伴血小板减少综合征, 死亡病例, 流行病学特征, 中国

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fatal cases from severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in China from 2010 to 2023 for reference in formulating scientific prevention and control of this infection. Mvethods The fatal cases of SFTS reported in the Information System for Disease Prevention and Control in China were collected from 2010 to 2023. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, spatial, and demographic characteristics of SFTS deaths, as well as the time interval characteristics from onset to diagnosis and onset to death. Results From 2010 to 2023, a total of 1 326 SFTS deaths were reported in 736 townships in 219 counties (cities/districts) of 62 cities in the 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities). The average annual case fatality rate was 4.83%. The annual numbers of deaths increased, whereas the annual case fatality rate decreased in wave fashion. The case fatality rate was decreased year after year from 2019 to 2023. The number of deaths in 2023 was 191, with case fatality rate of 3.77%. The deaths represented seasonal distribution, which peaked between May and July, accounting for 61.84% (820/1 326) of the total deaths. From 2010 to 2023, the number of regions with deaths from SFTS was gradually increased, and 51.43% (682/1 326) of the deaths were reported in Shandong Province. The gender ratio was 1.15∶1. The deaths occurred in 96.15% (1 275/1 326) of population aged 50 years and over, the case fatality rate was increased with age, and 84.46% (1 120/1 326) were farmers. The annual median interval between onset and diagnosis was 89.00 days in 2010, and ranged from 6.54 days to 9.71 days from 2011 to 2023. A total of 578 deaths were confirmed after death, accounting for 43.59% (578/1 326) of the total reported deaths, in which 60.90% (352/578) occurred in Shandong Province. Conclusion The number of SFTS deaths was generally increased in the past 13 years in China, yet the annual case fatality rate was declined. In response to the continuous expansion of the number of regions and the increasing number of deaths, strengthening case monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of SFTS is recommended. In addition, it is necessary to enhance education of prevention and control knowledge related to SFTS in the key population.

Key words: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, Fatal cases, Epidemiological characteristics, China

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