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    10 September 2014, Volume 12 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Construction and expression of the recombinant plasmid pET28a- YARA- Ihc- ProDer f 1 of Derma⁃tophagoides farina
    Liu Zhiming1,2, Jiang Yuxin2
    2014, 12 (3):  125-128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.001
    Abstract ( 2699 )  

    Objective To construct the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-YARA-Ihc-ProDer f 1 and provide the foundation for exploring the fusion protein effect as vaccine for specific immunotherapy. Methods Two oligonucleotides encoding YARA were synthesized and annealed to generate YARA- encoding DNA. The fused genes, YARA- Ihc- ProDer f 1 was constructed and inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET28a(+). The fusion protein YARA-Ihc-ProDer f 1 induced with IPTG in E.coli BL21(DE3) was purified with Ni2 +-resin affinity chromatography and confirmed with SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Results Sequence analysis confirmed the construction of the expression vector pEt28a- YARA-Ihc-ProDer f 1 successfully, the fusion protein YARA-Ihc-ProDer f 1 was expressed and purified with the concentration of 278 μg/ml. SDS-PAGE and Western blot demonstrated the fusion protein was YARA-Ihc-ProDer f 1. Conclusion
    The recombinant prokaryotic expression vectors, pET28a(+ )- YARA- Ihc- ProDer f 1 was successfully constructed, and the fusion protein was expressed and purified .

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    Impact of the afforestation projectfor schistosomiasis control on the inhibition of Oncomelania snails: a longitudinal study
    Li Qiyang, Huang Yong, Cao Zhiguo, Zhang Shiqing*
    2014, 12 (3):  129.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.002
    Abstract ( 2580 )  

    Objective To longitudinally evaluate the inhibition of the afforestation project for schistosomiasis control on Oncomelania snails. Methods Four sites along the Yangtze River in Anhui province were selected as the pilots, including Nangeng of Anqing City along the upper reaches (forests were built in 1989),Liudu Park and Liudu Babuque of Wuwei County along the middle reaches (forests were built in 2001), and Dongjiangliulin, Chenqingzhou of Hexian County along the lower reaches (forests were built in 1997). The changes of snail status were compared in the aforementioned 4 pilots before and after the forest building through the collection of historical snail survey data and field snail survey conducted in autumn of 2010, so as to evaluate the effect of the afforestation project for schistosomiasis control on the inhibition of snails. Results In 2010, a total of 992 frames of snails were surveyed in the four pilots, and higher occurrence of frames with living snails, density of living snails and snail mortality were observed in forest land than that in the control area of marshland (all P values < 0.01). In Nangeng of Anqing City, the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails appeared a decline tendency grossly following forest building, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails reduced by 23.6% (χ2=14.8, P<0.01) and 72.4% one year after the forest building, respectively; low occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were found within 6 years of forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency after 6 years; however, a gross decline tendency was observed. In Liudu Park of Wuwei County, the occurrence of frames with living snails reduced from 50.4% to 1.16% (χ2=180, P<0.01) and the density of living snails reduced from 3.6 to 0.017 snails/0.11m2 one year after the forest building, respectively, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were lower within 5 years of forest building than before forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency after 6 years. In Liudu Babuque, the occurrence of frames with living snails reduced from 83.7% to 48.4% (χ2=32.9, P<0.01) and the density of living snails reduced from 8.7 to 2.5 snails/0.11m2 one year after the forest building, respectively, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and density of living snails were lower in most years after the forest building than before forest building, whereas appearing a rise tendency from 4 to 7 years after the forest building. In Dongjiangliulin, Chenqingzhou of Hexian County, a gross decline tendency was observed in the occurrence of frames with living snails and the density of living snails after the forest building. Conclusions The afforestation project for schistosomiasis control showed unfavorable effect on the survival of snails, and forest building on marshland exhibits a remarkable long-term inhibition on snails.

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    Analysis of schistosomiasis endemic situationin in the national surveillance sites in Hubei Province in 2013
    Su Zhengming, Liu Jianbing, Cai Shunxiang, Zhou Xiaorong, Chen Li, Shan Xiaowei,Zhang Juan
    2014, 12 (3):  133.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.003
    Abstract ( 2726 )  

    Objective To understand the schistosomiasis endemic situation in the national surveillance sites in Hubei Province in 2013, and provide the evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis.Methods According to the provisions of the national surveillance protocol. the surveillance works were carried out in 16 national surveillance sites in Hubei Province. Results In the 16 national surveillance sites, the average infection rate of residents was 0.38%, the cattle were all removed, the average density of living snails was 0.162/0.11m2, the occurrence rate of frames with living snails was 7.89%, and no infected snails were found.
    Conclusion The schistosomiasis endemic situation in the national surveillance sites in Hubei Province was more effectively controlled, but consolidating measures should be strengthened to prevent its rebounding.

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    Investigation on current status of environmental health hazards in Anhui rural areas, 2013
    Ma Li,Wang Zhiqiang, Feng Xiaoliang, Zhao Yulin, Xu Yanlong, Zheng Li
    2014, 12 (3):  137.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.004
    Abstract ( 2306 )  

    Objective To understand the current status of water and sanitation improvement, garbage and sewage treatment, and vector control in Anhui province, and provide the basis for the government and relevant administrative departments to formulate rural sanitation improvement program. Methods 2 403 households and 480 villages in 24 counties were selected by proportional stratified randomized sampling. Data were obtained through information collection, interviews, field observation and laboratory testing. Results The coverage rate was 46.04% for access to centralized water supply and 35.9% for access to sanitary latrines in
    24 rural counties in Anhui. There was a lack of wastewater treatment facilities in rural areas and mainly covered township residents. Large number of domestic, industrial and aquaculture wastewater was discharged arbitrarily without timely and effective treatment. There were no full- time or part- time cleaner and no actions of eliminating the four pests in the most of the villages surveyed. 89.3% of households surveyed were found vector organism around the house. For the 480 samples, 126 samples were detected with Ascaris eggs and 84 samples with living eggs. The detection rate of Ascaris eggs and living eggs were 26.3% and 17.5% ,respectively.Cadmium contents in 31.9% of soil samples were higher than the grade two of environmental quality standard for soils. Conclusion It was not optimistic on environmental sanitation in Anhui rural areas. There were various risk factors impacting on population health and more effective measures should be taken to improve the environmental sanitation in rural areas.

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    The preparation of the freeze-dried reference substance of indirect hemagglutination assay kit for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica
    Hu Mingchuang, Wang Tianping, Wang Enmu, Zhang Lesheng, Si Wumin, Yang Rongsheng, Luo Junping, Hao Xiaojun, Zhai Dujuan
    2014, 12 (3):  140.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.005
    Abstract ( 2823 )  

    Obiective To establish the method of preparing the freeze- dried reference substance of indirect hemagglutination assay kit for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica. Methods Schistosoma japonicum antibodies, IgG γ-globulins were purified by 33.3% saturated ammonium sulfate, then filtered through DEAE exchange chromatography, and finally the protein concentration was tested by Lowry method. It was prepared as positive standard reference substance after calibration and validation. The sera from healthy rabbits after processing and calibration were freeze- dried as negative standard reference substance. The stability in laboratory storage conditions of 100 copies of negative and positive of freeze-dried reference substance were detected respectively after 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, and 24 months by ELISA and IHA. Results The titers of freeze-dried reference substance met the requirements after the test by two kinds of method, and its positive coincidence rate and negative coincidence rate were all 100% . Conclusion The negative and positive freeze- dried sera prepared by this method can be utilized as the reference substance of indirect hemagglutination assay kit, and their stabilities meet the requirements of storing for two years.

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    Application effect of Clinical pathway in advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites
    Zhong Senlin,Tian Xuegen, Chen Deyin, Sheng Rong, Liu Chenghai
    2014, 12 (3):  143.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.006
    Abstract ( 2646 )  

    Objective To explore the application effect of clinical pathway in advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of the disease. Methods A total of 48 advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites treated by traditional pathway method in 2011 and a total of 48
    advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites treated by clinical pathway method in 2012 in Tongling County were selected, and the curative effect of two methods was retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results The complication incidence rate, the satisfaction degree of patients and medical staff, the average days of hospitalization, the average medical expenses, and the awareness rate of health knowledge of patients in clinical pathway group were all obviously better than that in traditional pathway group in spite of the clinical manifestation of the patients in two groups was similar before treatment. Conclusion Compared with traditional pathway method, The clinical pathway method has obvious advantages, and it is worthy of popularization and application.

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    Influenza monitoring in a sentinel hospital of Chengdu city from 2011 to 2013
    Cao Wenping1, Zhang Yalan2, Yue Yong2
    2014, 12 (3):  146.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.007
    Abstract ( 2474 )  

    Objective To analyze the epidemic feature and regulation on influenza from 2011 to 2013,and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention. Methods The medical clinic, fever clinic, emergency department and children clinic were set up as monitor clinic, surveillance work were carried out in accordance with national influenza surveillance programme and the results were analyzed. Results The registration percentage of influenza like illness in outpatients (ILI%) in 2011, 2012, 2013 were 1.95%, 1.24% and 2.70%, respectively. The positive rate of nucleic acid of influenza virus in 832 ILI specimens was 13.82% and the constituent ratio of subtype B, seasonal A (H1N1), A (H3N2), A (H1N1) were 19.13%, 0.87%, 15.62% and 64.35%. The visiting peak of ILI occurred in winter and spring and correlated with the peak time of positive rate of nucleic acid (r=0.457, P<0.001). The highest constituent ratio of age in ILI was 5~15 years old and there were significant differences in positive rate of nucleic acid among all age groups. Conclusion The epidemic strength of ILI was consistent with the activity trend of influenza virus and the prevention of influenza should be strengthened in winter-spring and summer. Moreover, more attention should be paid on sampling ratio in each age groups to reduce the surveillance differences caused by uneven distribution of sampling population.

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    Analysis on the epidemic feature of Japanese Encephalitis in Chengdu City from 2005 to 2013
    Feng Jing, Yue Yong, Zhou Rong, Han Delin
    2014, 12 (3):  149.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.008
    Abstract ( 2548 )  

    Objective To analyze the reported incidence of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) in Chengdu from 2005 to 2013, and explore the prevention measures for JE. Methods The clinical data of JE in Chengdu from 2005 to 2013 were analyzed by Excel software. Results 124 cases of JE were reported in Chengdu from 2005
    to 2013 including 3 cases of death. The cases mainly distributed in the districts of Jintang, Jinniu, Pixian and Shuangliu. The male to female ratio was 1.70∶1. The age of patients varied from 6 months to 61 years old and most of the cases were from 3 to 5 years old (41.94%). However, 69.44% of the patients had no or unknown history of immunization. The proportion of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was 4.27% showed by mosquito density monitoring. Conclusion The incidence of JE in Chengdu showed a sporadic in a low level trend in recent years and the vaccine should be prepared to replant after inspection work. In particular, it was important to strengthen immunization in rural and remote areas and densely populated areas of floating population, improve JE vaccine coverage and reduce the blank immunization. Meanwhile, health education, mosquito control and other measures should also be conducted to decrease the incidence of JE.

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    The application of rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of malaria
    Zhang Yong1, Song Weisheng2, Zhang Xicai3, Zhang Jinhe4
    2014, 12 (3):  152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.009
    Abstract ( 2551 )  

    Objective To probe the effect of rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of malaria, and provide reference for clinical application. Methods 103 suspicious cases of malaria were checked with rapid diagnostic test and microscopy method. Results 23 positive cases were detected by microscopy method (Pf 11 cases, Pv 10 cases, Pm and Po 1 case each) with positive rate of 22.33%, and 22 positive cases were detected by rapid diagnostic test (Pf 11 cases, Pv 10 cases, Pm 1 case) with positive rate of 21.36%. One Po case was not detected by rapid diagnostic test. There was no significant difference between the two methods (χ2=0.33, P>0.05). The sensitivity of the rapid diagnostic test was 95.65%, with the specificity of 97.5%, the positive predictive value of 91.67%, the negative predictive value of 98.73%, the missing rate of 4.35%, and the misdiagnosis rate of 2.50%. Conclusion The rapid diagnostic test had good effect on the diagnosis of malaria with advantage of simple and fast, and very suitable for grass-roots level medical treatment and disease prevention units which have insufficient microscopy equipment and techniques to carry out the diagnosis of malaria.

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    Longitudinal observation on the epidemiological situation of soil- transmitted nematode diseases at Tongcheng City, 2011-2013
    Qiu Chun1, Jiang longzhi1, Xu hui1, Wei qiang1, Ruan zibin1, Jin wei2, Guo Jianduo2
    2014, 12 (3):  155.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.010
    Abstract ( 2453 )  

    Objective To analyze the longitudinal observation data of soil-transmitted nematode diseases at the national longitudinal observing pilot in Tongcheng City from 2011 to 2013. Methods The infection rate of the residents at Tongcheng City was examined by Kato-Katz thick smear technique“one stool speci⁃
    men-three slides”. The conditions of“Improving Drinking Water and Lavatories”from 2011 to 2013 were investigated by random sampling method. Results The total of 3 001 persons was investigated from 2011 to 2013, the yearly infection rate was 2.4%, 1.3% and 3.0%, respectively. There was no regular pattern comparing the infection rate between males and females. The infection rate maintained the highest level in age group more than 60-year-old, the yearly infection rate of this age-group was 5.2%, 3.0% and 6.1, respectively. The infectiosity of the infected people was concentrated in mild infection group and ancylostomiasis was the major soil transmitted nematode disease. The application of sanitary toilets showed an upward trend during the 3 years,and the using of field water disappeared after 2012. Conclusion Hookworm disease should be the key on soiltransmitted nematode diseases control and the age group more than 60-year-old would be the focus population in Tongcheng City.

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    Report of snail survey in Guichi District, Anhui Province in 2012
    Fang Yucheng,Ke Yongwen,He Zonggui
    2014, 12 (3):  158.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.011
    Abstract ( 2679 )  

    Objective To understand the distribution and the changing tendency of living snails and infected snails in Guichi District in 2012. Methods The data of snail survey in recent 3 years in Guichi District were collected and analyzed. Results In Guichi District, the area with living snails was 2627.15hm2, and no infected snails were found in 2012. The area with living snails in marshland, which showed a zonal distribution, accounted for 89.71% of the total area with snails, and mainly distributed in the lake areas. Many snail areas were dispersedly distributed in inland with complicated environments. The snails were mainly distributed in the endemic villages located along the Yangtze River, Qiupu River, Shengjinhu Lake and Jiuhua River. The main vegetation was the weed. The environments with snail were mostly close to residential sites. No new or recurrence environments with snail were found. Conclusion The environments with snails in Guichi District were complicated, the snail status showed a declining tendency, and the infected snails were first reduced to 0. It was necessary to strengthen snail surveillance and comprehensive snail control measures to reduce snail areas and susceptible areas, so as to consolidate the achievements of schistosomiasis control.

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    Detection of antibody against scrub typhus in sera from patients in an outbreak of murine typhus
    Ya Hongxiang, Zhang Hailin
    2014, 12 (3):  161.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.012
    Abstract ( 2398 )  

    Objective To detect the antibody against scrub typhus in sera from patients in an outbreak of murine typhus. Methods The IgG against murine typhus and scrub typhus from 20 sera samples collected from patients in an outbreak were tested by indirect immunofluoresence assay (IFA). Results For the 20 cases, 13 cases were positive with IgG antibody against murine typhus (accounting for 65%), 2 cases were positive with IgG antibody against scrub typhus and murine typhus (accounting for 10%). Conclusion There were patients infected with chigger simultaneously in this outbreak of murine typhus and it was necessary for medical institutions to enhance the diagnosis and differential diagnosis forscrub typhus and murine typhus.

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    Visualization of research institutions of Toxoplasma Gondii or toxoplasmosis based on SCI Expanded
    Zhang Guangming,Li Qiyang,Luo Junping,Xu Mei,Zhang Cheng,Zhang Shiqing,Wang Tianping
    2014, 12 (3):  163.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.013
    Abstract ( 2483 )  

    Objective To unearth the most active cooperation networks and institutions of international researches on Toxoplasma Gondii or toxoplasmosis by visual analysis. Methods With visual information analysis tool CiteSpaceII, institution map was drew based on SCI Expanded database from 2006 to 2010. Results
    The two most important cooperation network were G1 and G2. G1 was mainly led by U.S. Department of Agriculture Department of Agricultural Research Service and University of Sao Paulo, and G2 was led by Washington University in St. Louis and Stanford University. For the number of published articles, the top institution was U.S. Department of Agriculture Department of Agricultural Research Service. Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine led the first position in Asia, and South China Agricultural University was the most activity institution in China. At the international level, the cooperation network center of Toxoplasma Gondii or toxoplasmosis research located in The Americas consisting of the United States and Brazil.France was the most active country in Europe and Japan took the most important position in Asia. Conclusion Visual analysis CiteSpaceII, characterized by fast, direct and vivid, can present research cooperation networks and institutions on Toxoplasma Gondii or toxoplasmosis internationally. Thus, it can provide references for international cooperation on Toxoplasma Gondii or toxoplasmosis research.

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    Effect of Phentolamine on chronic pulmonary heart disease with right ventricular dysfunction
    Li Yuefang, Huang Yan
    2014, 12 (3):  166.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.014
    Abstract ( 2345 )  

    Objective To study the effect and security of Phentolamine on chronic pulmonary heart disease with right ventricular dysfunction. Methods 92 cases with chronic pulmonary heart disease and right ventricular dysfunction in the 105th Hospital of PLA from June 2012 to June 2013 were selected and divided into two groups randomly. The control group (46 patients) was treated by spasmolysis, cardiac, expectorant, infection control and improvement of heart function, and the treatment group by the same therapies as control group and intravenous infusion of phentolamine(20mg) additionally. The treatment duration of the two groups
    were all 10 days. Then the cardiac function, pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular diameter change of the two groups between pre-treatment and post-treatment were analyzed, the effect of Phentolamine was evaluated and the rate of adverse reaction were observed. Results There were significant differences of cardiac function, pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular diameter between pre-treatment and post-treatment of the two groups (P<0.05). The effective rate of treatment group (91.30% ) was higher than control group (80.43%) (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the adverse action between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The conventional therapy plus phentolamine on treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease with right ventricular dysfunction was efficacious, safe and worthy of promotion.

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    The effect of Lysophosphatidyl choline on RAS of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    Dai Wenzhuo, Kong Yuenan*, Wang Peng
    2014, 12 (3):  169.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2014.03.015
    Abstract ( 2372 )  

    Objective To observe the effect of Lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) on Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods HUVECs were cultured in vitro. The study was designated to 4 groups: (1) normal control, (2) low-concentration LPC group (10μg/L),(3) middle-concentration LPC group (20μg/L), (4) high-concentration LPC group(40μg/L).Expression of angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ ) and AngⅡ type1 receptor(AT1R), AngⅡ type2 receptor(AT2R) mRNA were observed by radio-immunity and RT-PCR, respectively. Results Compared with normal control group, LPC could significantly up- regulate the expression of AngⅡ and AT1R mRNA. Conclusion LPC could partly up-regulate the expression of RSA of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

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