热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 24-29.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.01.005

• 其他感染性腹泻防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2012—2022年滁州市其他感染性腹泻流行特征与变化趋势

程东林1(), 郭倩2(), 郭启胜2, 唐干2, 王紫薇2, 范引光2()   

  1. 1.滁州市疾病预防控制中心,安徽 滁州 239000
    2.安徽医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-12 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-03
  • 通信作者: 范引光 E-mail:1661729832@qq.com;3196942501@qq.com;fanyinguang@163.com
  • 作者简介:程东林,男,本科,主治医师,研究方向:传染病流行病学。E-mail: 1661729832@qq.com;|郭倩,女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学。E-mail: 3196942501@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    合肥综合性国家科学中心大健康研究院健康大数据与群体医学研究所科研项目(JKS2022003);炎症免疫性疾病安徽省实验室开放课题(IMMDL20220001)

Epidemiological characteristics and trends of other infectious diarrhea in Chuzhou City from 2012 to 2022

CHENG Donglin1(), GUO Qian2(), GUO Qisheng2, TANG Gan2, WANG Ziwei2, FAN Yinguang2()   

  1. 1. Chuzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chuzhou 239000, Anhui Province, China
    2. School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University
  • Received:2024-06-12 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-03
  • Contact: FAN Yinguang E-mail:1661729832@qq.com;3196942501@qq.com;fanyinguang@163.com

摘要:

目的 了解滁州市其他感染性腹泻流行特征和变化趋势,为制定疾病防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2012—2022年滁州市其他感染性腹泻报告病例信息和病原学等资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析疾病的三间分布特征,利用Joinpoint回归模型分析发病率的变化趋势。结果 2012—2022年滁州市其他感染性腹泻报告病例共26 742例,无死亡病例,年均报告发病率为53.64/10万。发病存在季节性,主高峰为5—8月,报告病例11 914例(占44.55%),次高峰为10月—次年1月,报告病例7 638例(占28.56%)。男性14 617例,女性12 125例,性别比为1.21∶1,男性年均报告发病率(56.49/10万)高于女性(50.56/10万);不同年龄组中,以0~4岁人群占比较高(7 991例,占29.88%);不同职业中,农民占比最高(13 503例,占50.49%),其次为散居儿童(8 313例,占31.09%)。年均报告发病率排名前3位的地区依次为定远县(110.27/10万)、明光市(88.58/10万)和南谯区(52.57/10万)。Joinpoint回归分析显示,2012—2022年报告发病率总体呈上升趋势(AAPC=7.36%,t=2.058,P<0.05),2012—2019年报告发病率呈较快上升趋势(APC=11.50%,t=3.693,P<0.05),2019—2022年报告发病率趋势无统计学意义(APC=-1.733%,t=-0.190,P>0.05)。共有1 142例病例报告了病原学结果,其中1 087例(占95.18%)为病毒感染,55例(占4.82%)为细菌感染。共报告6起聚集性疫情,发生场所均为学校,病原体均为诺如病毒。结论 滁州市其他感染性腹泻发病主高峰为夏季,报告病例主要为农民和5岁以下儿童。建议对重点人群加强健康教育,并在高发季节来临前采取针对性的防控措施,降低人群感染风险。

关键词: 其他感染性腹泻, 流行特征, 变化趋势, Joinpoint回归模型, 滁州市

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and change trends of other infectious diarrhea in Chuzhou area for scientific evidence in formulation of prevention and control strategies for this infection. Methods The data on the cases of other infectious diarrhea reported in Chuzhou area from 2012 to 2022 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the spatial, temporal, and population distribution characteristics. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of incidence. Results In total, 26 742 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Chuzhou City from 2012 to 2022. No death occurred. The average annual reported incidence rate was 53.64 per 100 000 population. The disease showed seasonal patterns, with the main peak occurring from May to August (11 914 cases, 44.55%) and a secondary peak from October to January of the following year (7 638 cases, 28.56%). Among the cases, 14 617 were males and 12 125 were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.21∶1. The average annual reported incidence rate was higher in males (56.49 per 100 000 population) than in females (50.56 per 100 000 population). The highest proportion of cases was observed in the 0-4 age group (7 991 cases, 29.88%). Among different occupations, the highest proportion was seen in farmers (13 503 cases, 50.49%), followed by children living at home (8 313 cases, 31.09%). The top three regions with the highest average annual reported incidence rates were Dingyuan County (110.27 per 100 000 population), Mingguang City (88.58 per 100 000 population), and Nanqiao District (52.57 per 100 000 population). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed an overall increasing trend in the reported incidence rate from 2012 to 2022 (AAPC=7.36%, t=2.058, P<0.05), and the increase appeared faster from 2012 to 2019 (APC=11.50%, t=3.693, P<0.05). There was no significance in the incidence trend from 2019 to 2022 (APC=-1.733%, t=-0.190, P>0.05). Etiological results were reported for 1 142 cases, of which 1 087 (95.18%) were viral infections and 55 (4.82%) were bacterial infections. Six clustered outbreaks were reported, all occurring in schools and caused by norovirus. Conclusion The incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Chuzhou City primarily peak in summer, with most cases reported among farmers and children under 5 years old. Our findings suggest that it is essential to strengthen health education for the key populations and implement targeted prevention and control measures before the high-incidence seasons to reduce the risks of infection.

Key words: Other infectious diarrhea, Epidemiological characteristic, Trends, Joinpoint regression model, Chuzhou City

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