热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 217-222.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.04.006

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2022年云南省边境地区传染病类突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析

何继波1(), 念鹏英2(), 郑尔达1, 张妍黎3, 陈莉华1()   

  1. 1.云南省疾病预防控制中心，云南昆明 650022
    2.江川区疾病预防控制中心
    3.贡山县疾病预防控制中心
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-06 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-30
  • 通信作者: 陈莉华，E-mail: 312728767@qq.com
  • 作者简介:何继波，男，本科，主任医师，研究方向：传染病控制及突发公共卫生事件应急处置。E-mail: ynhejibo@163.com；|念鹏英，女，本科，主管医师，研究方向：传染病控制及突发公共卫生事件应急处置。E-mail: 997260013@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(21JZD039)

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of communicable diseases in the cross border area of Yunnan Province, 2018-2022

HE Jibo1(), NIAN Pengying2(), ZHENG Erda1, ZHANG Yanli3, CHEN Lihua1()   

  1. 1. Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, Yunnan Province, China
    2. Jiangchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
    3. Gongshan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Received:2024-01-06 Online:2024-08-20 Published:2024-08-30
  • Contact: CHEN Lihua, E-mail: 312728767@qq.com

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摘要：

目的 掌握云南省边境地区传染病突发公共卫生事件的流行特征，为边境地区传染病的防控工作提供参考。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统收集2018—2022年云南省边境地区传染病突发公共卫生事件数据，采用描述流行病学方法对其时间、地区等特征进行分析。结果 2018—2022年，云南省25个边境县（市）共报告传染病突发公共卫生事件179起，占全省的20.53%；涉及病例14 877例，死亡1例。事件的级别以一般事件（Ⅳ级）为主（110起，占61.45%）；类别以乙类传染病为主（77起，占43.02%）；涉及病种12种，前3位分别为新型冠状病毒感染（64起，占35.75%）、水痘（42起，占23.46%）、流行性感冒（26起，占14.53%）。事件的高发月份为4—7月（71起，占39.66%）和9—12月（65起，占36.31%）；高发场所为学校（96起，占53.63%），其中小学占55.21%（53/96）。境外输入传染病引起的事件共11起，主要来自缅甸（7起，占63.64%）。事件持续时间中位数为14（4，35） d，最长持续时间为153 d。结论 云南省边境地区传染病事件以乙类传染病为主，学校是防控的重点场所，高发季节要加强传染病的监测和防控。

关键词: 突发公共卫生事件, 边境地区, 传染病, 流行特征, 云南省

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in the border areas of Yunnan Province in recent years for reference for the prevention and control of the infectious diseases in border areas. Methods The data of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in the border areas of Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2022 were retrieved through the Subsystem of Public Health Emergency Management under the Information System for Disease Prevention and Control in China, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods concerning the temporal and regional distribution. Results In total, 179 public health emergencies of infectious diseases were reported in 25 counties (cities) in the border areas of Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2022, which accounted for 20.53% of the total reported incidents. A total of 14 877 cases and 1 death were reported. Majority of the cases were general incidents (Level Ⅳ) (110 cases, 61.45%), and the main type of cases was Class B infectious diseases (77 cases, 43.02%). Twelve types of diseases were involved, with the top three being novel coronavirus infections (64 cases, 35.75%), chickenpox (42 cases, 23.46%) and influenza (26 cases, 14.53%). The highest incidence of the emergencies appeared between April and July (71 cases, 39.66%), and September and December (65 cases, 36.31%). High incidence occurred in schools (96 cases, 53.63%), in which primary schools accounted for 55.21% (53/96). There were 11 outbreaks caused by imported infectious diseases, of which 7 were from Myanmar (63.64%). The median duration of infectious disease events was 14 (4, 35) days, and the longest duration was 153 days. Conclusion The infectious diseases incidents in the border areas of Yunnan Province are mainly Class B infections diseases, and schools are the key places for prevention and control. At the same time, monitoring and prevention should be strengthened in the high incidence seasons.

Key words: Public health emergencies, Border area, Infectious diseases, Epidemiological characteristics, Yunnan Province

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