热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 7-11.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.01.002

• 感染性腹泻防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2022年安徽省其他感染性腹泻突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析

王阿鑫1(), 肖永康2, 龚磊2, 吴家兵1,2()   

  1. 1.蚌埠医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000
    2.安徽省疾病预防控制中心
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-28 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-03-15
  • 通信作者: 吴家兵,E-mail: wjb0386@126.com
  • 作者简介:王阿鑫,女,硕士在读,研究方向:传染病预防与控制。E-mail: 2456424295@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家疾控局公共卫生人才培养支持项目(202303);安徽省疾病预防控制中心青年基金项目(JKQN20230112)

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies caused by other infectious diarrhea in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022

WANG Axin1(), XIAO Yongkang2, GONG Lei2, WU Jiabing1,2()   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China
    2. Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Received:2023-04-28 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-03-15
  • Contact: WU Jiabing,E-mail: wjb0386@126.com

摘要:

目的 分析近年来安徽省其他感染性腹泻突发公共卫生事件(简称其他感染性腹泻事件)的发生趋势和流行病学特征,为防控工作提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统,收集2018—2022年安徽省报告的其他感染性腹泻事件相关信息,对事件分级、三间分布、传播途径等特征进行描述性分析。结果 2018—2022年安徽省共报告其他感染性腹泻事件115起,累计报告发病5 822例,无死亡病例。以未分级事件为主(78起,占67.83%),其余为一般事件(37起,占32.17%)。事件发生总体呈现春季(3月)和秋冬季(10—12月)两个高峰,4个月份的累计事件数和发病数分别为71起(占61.74%)和3 831例(占65.80%);不同年份的时间分布特征有所差异,其中2020年和2022年为单峰分布,2018年、2019年和2021年为双峰分布。报告事件数前3位的城市分别是黄山市(25起,占21.74%)、合肥市(18起,占15.65%)和芜湖市(12起,占10.43%),报告发病数前3位的分别是黄山市(1 453例,占24.96%)、合肥市(976例,占16.76%)和宣城市(721例,占12.38%)。皖南、皖中和皖北地区的报告事件数构成比分别为53.04%、40.00%和6.96%,报告发病数构成比分别为58.47%、37.46%和4.07%。单一传播途径中多数为生活接触(84起,占90.32%),多种传播途径中均包括生活接触。主要发生场所为学校(101起,占87.83%)。病原体明确的事件103起,主要为诺如病毒(100起,占97.09%)。结论 安徽省其他感染性腹泻突发公共卫生事件的防范应以学校为主,应进一步加强日常监测和病原检测并有针对性地开展健康教育,降低事件发生风险。

关键词: 其他感染性腹泻, 突发公共卫生事件, 流行特征, 安徽省

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and occurrence trends of public health emergencies caused by other infectious diarrhea in Anhui Province in recent years, so as to provide strategic basis for the prevention and control of such infectious diseases. Methods The information related to public health emergencies caused by other infectious diarrhea reported in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022 was retrieved through the Public Health Emergency Management Information System under the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and descriptively analyzed for the characteristics, including the event classification, temporal, regional and population distribution, and transmission routes. Results A total of 115 public health emergencies caused by other infectious diarrhea were reported in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022, which cumulatively involved 5 822 cases. No death was reported. The events were primarily unclassified (78 events, 67.83%) and the rest were at general scale (37 events, 32.17%). Overall, the occurrence of events showed two peaks in spring (March) and fall/winter (October-December), with a cumulative number of 71 events (61.74%) and 3 831 cases (65.80%) in the four months reported. Temporal distribution varied in different years, among which 2020 and 2022 were in single peak distribution, and 2018, 2019 and 2021 were in bimodal distribution. Huangshan City (25 events, 21.74%), Hefei City (18 events, 15.65%) and Wuhu City (12 events, 10.43%) ranked the top three cities by the number of reported incidents, and Huangshan City (1 453 cases, 24.96%), Hefei City (976 cases, 16.76%) and Xuancheng City (721 cases, 12.38%) stood on the top three by the number of reported cases. The constituent ratio of the number of reported incidents in southern, central and northern Anhui was 53.04%, 40.00% and 6.96%, respectively, and the constituent ratio of the number of reported cases was 58.47%, 37.46% and 4.07%, respectively. Single transmission routes were mostly associated with daily life contact (84 cases, 90.32%), and multiple transmission routes were involved in daily life contact as well. The major place of occurrence of the incidents was in school campus (101 events, 87.83%). The pathogen was clearly identified in 103 incidents, in which norovirus infection predominated (100 events, 97.09%). Conclusion Prevention of public health emergencies caused by other infectious diarrhea in Anhui Province should focus on schools, and further strengthening routine monitoring and pathogen detection as well as targeted health education in order to reduce the risks of the incidents.

Key words: Other infectious diarrhea, Public health emergency, Epidemiological characteristics, Anhui Province

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