热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 17-23.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.01.004

• 其他感染性腹泻防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2023年芜湖市其他感染性腹泻发病趋势及时空聚集性分析

李勇1(), 王斐1, 安洲1, 仝飞1, 叶琴1, 黄月娥2()   

  1. 1.芜湖市疾病预防控制中心,安徽 芜湖 241000
    2.皖南医学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-12 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-03
  • 通信作者: 黄月娥 E-mail:616696762@qq.com;huangyewindow@163.com
  • 作者简介:李勇,男,本科,主管医师,研究方向:传染病防控。E-mail: 616696762@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2021-087);安徽省教育厅质量工程高等教育重大决策部署研究项目(2022jxgl078)

Trends and spatiotemporal aggregation analysis of other infectious diarrhea in Wuhu City from 2005 to 2023

LI Yong1(), WANG Fei1, AN Zhou1, TONG Fei1, YE Qin1, HUANG Yuee2()   

  1. 1. Wuhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhu 241000,Anhui Province,China
    2. Wannan Medical College
  • Received:2024-06-12 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-03
  • Contact: HUANG Yuee E-mail:616696762@qq.com;huangyewindow@163.com

摘要:

目的 探究芜湖市其他感染性腹泻的流行特征、发病趋势及时空聚集性特征,为肠道传染病防控提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2005—2023年芜湖市其他感染性腹泻病例资料,使用描述流行病学方法对疾病的三间分布进行分析,运用Joinpoint回归模型分析发病率趋势变化,采用时空扫描统计量法分析探索疾病的时空聚集特征。结果 2005—2023年芜湖市共报告其他感染性腹泻病例97 325例,死亡1例,年均发病率为159.37/10万。男性52 264例,女性45 061例,男性发病率(167.74/10万)高于女性(150.64/10万);0~4岁年龄组报告病例数(29 762例,占30.58%)和发病率(1 015.28/10万)均最高;职业分布上,散居儿童(27 496例,占28.25%)和农民(22 836例,占23.46%)占比较高。时间分布上,2005—2012年总体呈单峰型,高峰为7—9月(7 590例,占36.88%);2013—2023年总体呈双峰型,主高峰在6—8月(26 311例,占34.28%)、次高峰在1—3月(16 633例,占21.67%)。全市各县(市、区)中,鸠江区报告病例数最多(18 202例),繁昌区年均报告发病率最高(362.15/10万)。Joinpoint回归分析显示,2005—2023年芜湖市其他感染性腹泻报告发病率总体呈现上升趋势(AAPC=13.35%,t=3.24,P<0.01),其中2005—2008年呈快速增长趋势(APC=68.37%,t=2.27,P<0.05),2008—2023年呈缓慢增长趋势(APC=4.73%,t=6.12,P<0.001)。时空扫描分析显示芜湖市其他感染性腹泻存在明显的时空聚集性,一级聚集区为繁昌区,聚集时间为2017年4月—2023年4月(RR=2.73,LLR=2 707.39,P<0.001)。结论 2005—2023年芜湖市其他感染性腹泻发病率较高且呈增长趋势,夏季为流行主高峰,多发于0~4岁人群,散居儿童和农民为高风险人群,繁昌区为高发区域。建议针对重点地区和重点人群制定防控策略,加强健康教育,提高群众防病意识。

关键词: 其他感染性腹泻, 流行特征, 时空聚集, Joinpoint回归模型, 芜湖市

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, incidence trend and spatiotemporal aggregation of other infectious diarrhea in Wuhu City for scientific evidence in prevention and control of this intestinal infection. Methods The case data of other infectious diarrhea reported in Wuhu City from 2005 to 2023 were obtained through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, regional and population distribution of the infections. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend change of incidence, and spatial-temporal scan analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of spatiotemporal aggregation. Results From 2005 to 2023, a total of 97 325 cases of other infectious diarrhea, including one death, were reported in Wuhu area. The incidence was 159.37 per 100 000 population. Of these, 52 264 cases were males, and 45 061 females. The incidence was higher in males than in females (167.74/100 000 vs. 150.64/100 000). The number of reported cases (n=29 762, 30.58%) and incidence (1 015.28/100 000) were the highest in the 0-4 age group. By occupation distribution, the highest proportion was seen children living at home (n=27 496, 28.25%) and farmers (n=22 836, 23.46%). By temporal distribution, the infection was unimodal in general between 2005 and 2012, with a peak from July to September (n=7 590, 36.88%), yet presented with bimodal type from 2013 to 2023, with a main peak from June to August (n=26 311, 34.28%) and a secondary peak from January to March (n=16 633, 21.67%). By regional distribution, the highest number of cases was reported in Jiujiang District (n=18 202), and the highest annual incidence was found in Fanchang District (362.15/100 000). Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the reported incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Wuhu City from 2005 to 2023 had an overall increasing trend (AAPC=13.35%, t=3.24, P<0.01), during which rapid increase was seen from 2005 to 2008 (APC=68.37%, t=2.27, APC=13.35%, P<0.01) and slow increment was found from 2008 to 2023 (APC=4.73%, t=6.12, P<0.001). Spatial-temporal scan analysis showed that other infectious diarrhea in Wuhu area was in obvious spatial and temporal aggregation, the primary aggregation area was Fanchang District with the clustering period from April 2017 to September 2023 (RR=2.73, LLR=2 707.39, P<0.001). Conclusion From 2005 to 2023, the incidence of other infectious diarrhea in Wuhu City was higher and tended to climb. Summer is the main peak of the epidemic and most of the infections occurred in population aged 0-4 years. Children living at home and farmers are the groups of high risks, and Fanchang District was the highest incidence area. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to formulate prevention and control strategies for the key areas and population groups, strengthen health education and improve awareness of disease prevention.

Key words: Other infectious diarrhea, Epidemiological characteristic, Spatiotemporal aggregation, Joinpoint regression model, Wuhu City

中图分类号: