热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 348-352.

• 结核病防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2024年新疆维吾尔自治区肺结核合并糖尿病患者流行特征及影响因素分析

祖丽呼玛尔·艾尔肯1, 2，凯丽比努尔·吾买尔1，古扎丽努尔·艾则孜1，麦吾兰·帕热哈提1，董晓1，王明哲1，刘年强1
  

  1. 1.新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002；  2. 新疆医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-31 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2026-01-23
  • 通信作者: 刘年强，E-mail: 15779683@qq.com
  • 作者简介:祖丽呼玛尔·艾尔肯，女，硕士在读，主管医师，研究方向：结核病防控。E-mail: 527541823@qq.com 凯丽比努尔·吾买尔，女，硕士，主管医师，研究方向：结核病防控。E-mail: 592557182@qq.com 祖丽呼玛尔·艾尔肯、凯丽比努尔·吾买尔同为第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心科研基金项目（XJJK-2024011、XJJK-2024012）

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis patients complicated with diabetes in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2024

ZULIHUMAER Aierken1, 2, KAILIBINU’ER Wumaier1, GUZALINU’ER Aizezi1, MAIWULAN Parehati1,  DONG Xiao1, WANG Mingzhe1, LIU Nianqiang1#br#   

  1. 1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China;  2. School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University
  • Received:2025-10-31 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2026-01-23

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摘要： 目的 分析新疆肺结核合并糖尿病（pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus, PTB-DM）患者的流行病学特征及其影响因素，为当地PTB-DM的防治提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2018—2024年新疆PTB-DM患者病案信息，采用描述流行病学方法分析其流行特征，利用logistic回归模型分析PTB-DM发生的影响因素。结果 2018—2024年新疆共登记PTB-DM患者8 533例，占肺结核患者总数的3.89%（8 533/219 199），占比从2018年的0.81%（593/72 786）上升至2024年的10.42%（1 807/17 338）。时间分布上，3—5月登记患者数较多（2 896例，占33.94%）。地区分布上，喀什地区病例最多（2 667例），昌吉回族自治州PTB-DM占PTB患者总数比例最高（14.77%）。人群分布中，男性4 611例，女性3 922例，性别比为1.18∶1，年龄以≥60岁为主（4 901例，占57.44%），职业以农民居多（5 294例，占62.04%）。患者中，病原学阳性较多（6 310例，占73.95%），主要为因症就诊发现（6 673例，占78.20%），以本地人口为主（8 236例，占96.52%），初治患者较多（7 177例，占84.11%）。其中，31～59岁年龄组（占4.63%）、离退人员（占15.79%）、病原学阳性者（占6.18%）、患者来源为主动筛查（占7.11%）、流动人口（占5.76%）及治疗类型为初治（占4.01%）的PTB-DM患者占PTB患者的比例较高。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄为31～59岁、≥60岁（OR=11.360，95%CI：9.296～13.882；OR=9.584，95%CI：7.830～11.732），职业为离退人员（OR=1.761，95%CI：1.458～2.128）的PTB患者发生共病的概率更高。结论 新疆PTB-DM所占比例总体呈上升趋势，南疆地区患者较多，中老年、离退人员发生共病的概率更高，建议加强重点地区和人群的PTB-DM的双向筛查工作，实现疾病的早发现、早治疗。

关键词: 肺结核, 糖尿病, 流行特征, 影响因素, 新疆维吾尔自治区

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus (PTB-DM) patients in Xinjiang for a scientific basis for following prevention and treatment of PTB-DM patients in the region. Methods The information of PTB-DM patients in Xinjiang from 2018 to 2024 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics, and logistic regression model was used to identify influencing factors for PTB-DM. Results From 2018 to 2024, a total of 8 533 PTB-DM patients were registered in Xinjiang, accounting for 3.89% (8 533/219 199) of all pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases. The proportion was increased from 0.81% (593/72 786) in 2018 to 10.42% (1 807/17 338) in 2024. By temporal distribution, more cases were registered from March to May (n=2 896; 33.94%). Geographically, the highest number of cases was reported in Kashgar area (n=2 667), and Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture had the highest proportion of PTB-DM among PTB patients (14.77%). By population distribution, there were 4 611 males and 3 922 females (sex ratio 1.18∶1). The majority of cases were in patients aged ≥60 years (n=4 901; 57.44%), and the predominant occupation was associated with farmers (n=5 294; 62.04%). Among the patients, there were a relatively large number of etiologically positive cases (n=6 310; 73.95%). The majority of cases were identified through clinical symptomatic visits (n=6 673; 78.20%), and local residents (n=8 236; 96.52%) and treatment-naive patients (n=7 177; 84.11%) were predominant. In the PTB patients, higher proportions of PTB-DM were observed in the 31-59 age group (4.63%), retirees (15.79%), bacteriologically positive cases (6.18%), active screening cases (7.11%), floating residents (5.76%), and treatment-naive cases (4.01%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the population aged 31-59 years old and ≥60 years old (OR=11.360, 95%CI: 9.296-13.882; OR=9.584, 95%CI: 7.830-11.732), those with a retired occupation (OR=1.761, 95%CI: 1.458-2.128) had a higher probability of developing PTB-DM. Conclusion The proportion of PTB-DM in Xinjiang is generally on the rise, with a relatively higher number of patients in the southern region. Middle-aged and elderly people, as well as retired individuals, had a higher probability of comorbidity. It is recommended to strengthen the bidirectional screening of PTB-DM in key areas and populations to achieve early detection and treatment of the disease.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiological characteristics, Influencing factors, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 

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