热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 235-238,253.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.04.008

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2017—2023年合肥市65岁及以上肺结核患者登记情况及就诊延迟影响因素分析

曹红1(), 李真1, 陈双双1, 徐瑞1, 吴金菊1, 鹿伦山2()   

  1. 1.合肥市疾病预防控制中心安徽合肥 230091
    2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)感染病院
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-28 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-09-19
  • 通信作者: 鹿伦山,E-mail: ahslyylls@163.com
  • 作者简介:曹红,女,本科,主任医师,研究方向:重点人群结核病防控。E-mail: yangcaohong@sina.com

Registration status and influencing factors of healthcare-seeking delay among elderly tuberculosis patients in Hefei City from 2017 to 2023

CAO Hong1(), LI Zhen1, CHEN Shuangshuang1, XU Rui1, WU Jinju1, LU LunShan2()   

  1. 1. Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230091, Anhui Province, China
    2. Infection Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital)
  • Received:2024-11-28 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-09-19
  • Contact: LU LunShan, E-mail: ahslyylls@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析合肥市65岁及以上肺结核患者(即老年肺结核患者)登记情况及就诊延迟影响因素,为老年人群肺结核防控工作提供参考。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中导出2017—2023年合肥市7家结核病定点医院老年肺结核患者病案资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析患者登记情况,并对就诊延迟的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果 2017—2023年合肥市登记老年肺结核病例8 135例,占全人群肺结核病例的32.81%;病原学阳性4 695例,病原学阳性率为57.71%。老年肺结核病例构成比和病原学阳性率均呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=50.23、168.96,P均<0.01)。就诊延迟5 118例,就诊延迟率为62.91%,就诊延迟率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2趋势=84.58,P<0.01)。就诊天数中位数为20(10, 40)d。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,现住址为郊县和流动人口(OR=0.643, 95%CI: 0.575~0.719;OR=0.502,95%CI: 0.314~0.803), 患者来源为转诊和追踪(OR=0.702, 95%CI: 0.598~0.824; OR=0.466, 95%CI:0.389~0.559)的病例就诊延迟风险相对较低。结论 2017—2023年合肥市老年肺结核患者比例和病原学阳性率均呈上升趋势,就诊延迟率仍处于较高水平,建议加强对老年人群结核病的主动筛查和健康教育,减少就诊延迟。

关键词: 肺结核, 老年人群, 就诊延迟, 合肥市

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the registration status and influencing factors of healthcare-seeking delay among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients aged 65 years and above (elderly TB patients) in Hefei City, so as to provide evidence for TB prevention and control in the elderly population. Methods The data of elderly TB patients registered in seven designated TB hospitals in Hefei City from 2017 to 2023 were extracted from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze registration status, and logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with healthcare-seeking delay. Results A total of 8 135 elderly TB cases were registered, which accounted for 32.81% of all TB cases in Hefei area. There were 4 695 pathogen-positive cases (57.71%). Both the composition ratio of elderly TB cases and the pathogen-positive rate showed an upward trend (χ2 trend = 50.23 and 168.96, respectively, both P < 0.01). Healthcare-seeking delay occurred in 5 118 cases (62.91%), which exhibited a declining trend (χ2 trend = 84.58, P<0.01). The medium duration for healthcare-seeking was 20 (10-40) days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risks of healthcare-seeking delay were relatively lower in population whose current residential address was in the suburban areas/counties (OR=0.643, 95% CI: 0.575-0.719), floating populations (OR=0.502, 95% CI: 0.314-0.803), and patients identified through referral (OR=0.702, 95% CI: 0.598-0.824) or active follow-up (OR=0.466, 95% CI: 0.389-0.559). Conclusion The proportion of elderly TB patients and bacteriological confirmation rate in Hefei increased from 2017 to 2023, yet healthcare seeking delay remains higher, for which strengthening active TB screening and health education for the elderly is recommended to improve the situation healthcare-seeking delay.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Elderly population, Healthcare-seeking delay, Hefei City

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