Objective　To understand the human prevalence of clonorchiasis in Anhui Province,so as to provide scientific evidences in formulating control strategies for this infection. Methods　Monitoring sites for clonorchiasis prevalence were selected in the 56 counties (cities/ districts) in Anhui Province between 2016 and 2020,and zoned into 5 areas according to the geographical location(east,west,south,north and middle areas). Then one administrative village was selected from a township to serve as the surveillance site. No less than 200 permanent residents aged 3 years and above were annually included by cluster sampling method from each administrative village. The fecal samples were collected to undergo test of Clonorchis sinensis infection using the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (two slide reading/ one sample). Results　From 2016 to 2020,a total of 73 702 people underwent the survey,which revealed infection in 27,with a total infection rate being 0. 04%. By the surveillance sites,Clonorchis sinensis infection was found in 13 counties(cities/ districts),in which Xuanzhou District of Xuancheng City and Jingxian County were listed the highest. The infection rate was 0. 30% for the both areas,yet Clonorchis sinensis infection was free in the remaining 43 counties(cities/ districts). The highest Clonorchis sinensis infection (0. 06%) was observed in the North China Plain in all surveillance sites among the four ecological regions,and the infection was the lowest in plains of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River(0. 02%). The total infectionrate was 0. 02%,0. 04%,0. 04%,0. 06% and 0. 02%,respectively from 2016 to 2020,and tended to increase in general,whereas there was a decrease in 2020. By genders,the infection rate was 0. 03% in males and 0. 04% in females. By age distribution,the infection rate(0. 06%) was the highest in population aged between 10 and 19 years old,and the lowest in those aged under 9 years,from 20 to 29,and from 60 to 69 years old(0. 02%,respectively,for the three age group). The highest infection with Clonorchis sinensis was seen in population with junior school education(0. 05%),and interestingly,the infection was zero in preschool children. There was no significant difference in the infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis among different surveillance sites,diverse ecological regions,separated years,different genders,age group and population with dissimilar educational background(all P> 0. 05). Conclusion　The rate of Clonorchis sinensis infection was relatively lower in Anhui Province in between 2016 and 2020,yet increased significantly compared with the infection rate (0. 01%) recorded in the third national survey of important human parasitic diseases in 2015,which suggests that enhanced surveillance as well as prevention and control of clonorchiasis remains necessary in the future.