热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 349-352.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.06.010

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

马鞍山市野鼠血吸虫感染情况调查

范泽涵1(), 汪为春1, 詹惕1, 段永梅1, 朱应富1, 项可霞1, 江小鱼1, 罗颖1, 何家昶2, 操治国2()   

  1. 1.马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心，安徽马鞍山 243000
    2.安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-06 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-12
  • 通信作者: 操治国，E-mail: ahzhiguo@126.com
  • 作者简介:范泽涵，女，硕士，医师，研究方向：血吸虫病防治。E-mail: masdbk@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(2022e07020003);马鞍山市医疗卫生领域科技计划项目(YL-2021-29)

Investigation on prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in wild mice in Ma'anshan City

FAN Zehan1(), WANG Weichun1, ZHAN Ti1, DUAN Yongmei1, ZHU Yingfu1, XIANG Kexia1, JIANG Xiaoyu1, LUO Yin1, HE Jiachang2, CAO Zhiguo2()   

  1. 1. Ma'anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ma'anshan 243000, Anhui Province, China
    2. Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control
  • Received:2023-07-06 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-12
  • Contact: CAO Zhiguo, E-mail: ahzhiguo@126.com

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摘要：

目的 调查马鞍山市野鼠血吸虫感染情况，为血吸虫病精准防控提供科学依据。方法 2021年9月—2022年11月，根据马鞍山市血吸虫病历史疫情资料，选取近3年环介导等温扩增技术（loop-mediated isothermal amplification, LAMP）检出感染性钉螺的乡镇（街道）的部分重点环境，对其野鼠分布及血吸虫感染情况实施调查。采用夹夜法投放鼠夹，并对捕获野鼠采用肝脏压片镜检、肝脏匀浆镜检、肠系膜静脉压片镜检、Kato-Katz法和毛蚴孵化法进行平行检测，分析野鼠密度和血吸虫感染率等相关指标。结果 此次调查共抽取4个乡镇（街道）的15个重点环境，累计捕获野鼠343只，平均野鼠密度为6.40%（343/5 362）。各乡镇（街道）中，花山区金家庄街道野鼠密度为12.43%（69/555），雨山区佳山乡为9.62%（50/520），当涂县湖阳镇为6.76%（148/2 188），当涂县黄池镇为3.62%（76/2 099），各乡镇（街道）野鼠密度差异有统计学意义（χ2=70.271，P<0.05）。捕获有效野鼠样本326只，其中黄毛鼠173只、黑线姬鼠122只、褐家鼠23只、小家鼠7只、针毛鼠1只。检出血吸虫感染野鼠36只，分别来自当涂县湖阳镇和黄池镇，两地野鼠感染率分别为18.57%（26/140）和13.16%（10/76），差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.039，P>0.05）。湖阳镇检出的阳性野鼠种类为黄毛鼠、黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠和小家鼠，感染率分别22.00%（22/100）、6.45%（2/31）、33.33%（1/3）和20.00%（1/5），差异无统计学意义（Fisher确切概率法，P>0.05）；黄池镇检出的阳性野鼠种类为黄毛鼠和黑线姬鼠，感染率分别为20.59%（7/34）和13.64%（3/22），差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.094，P>0.05）。结论 野鼠可能是当前马鞍山市血吸虫病重要传染源之一。今后应继续加强流行区野鼠监测，对重点环境开展灭螺的同时，适时结合灭鼠、环境整治等措施降低野鼠密度，进一步降低血吸虫病传播风险。

关键词: 野鼠, 血吸虫, 感染率, 马鞍山市

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in wild mice in Ma'anshan City, so as to provide a scientific basis for precise control of schistosomiasis. Methods From September 2021 to November 2022, we conducted a field survey based on the historical epidemic data of schistosomiasis in Ma'anshan City in partial key environments in the townships confirmed with presence of infected snails by Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method in the past three years for the distribution of wild mice and the status of schistosomiasis infection. Mousetraps were used to overnight capture the mice. Parallel examinations were conducted on captured wild mice using liver compression microscopy, liver homogenate microscopy, mesenteric vein compression microscopy, Kato-Katz method, and miracidium hatching method. Finally, the relevant indicators, including the density of wild mice and Schistosoma japonicum infection rate, were analyzed. Results Fifteen key environments were selected from 4 townships (communities) in this survey, and a total of 343 wild mice were captured. The average density was 6.40% (343/5 362) for the wild mice. The density of wild rodents in each township (community) was 12.43% (69/555) in Jinjiazhuang Community of Huashan District, 9.62% (50/520) in Jiashan Town of Yushan District, 6.76% (148/2 188) in Huyang Town, and 3.62% (76/2 099) in Huangchi Town of Dangtu County. The overall mouse density was different among the townships (χ2=70.271, P<0.05). Three hundred and twenty-six valid wild mouse samples were obtained, including 173 Rattus losea, 122 Apodemus agrarius, 23 Rattus norvegicus, 7 Mus musculus and 1 Niviventer fulvescens. Thirty-six wild mice were detected to be infected with Schistosoma japonicum. The infection was seen in Huyang Town and Huangchi Town of Dangtu County, with an infection rate of 18.57% (26/140) and 13.16% (10/76), respectively, for the mice captured in the two areas aforementioned, yet the difference was insignificant (χ2=1.039, P>0.05). The wild mouse species in Huyang Town with positive results were Rattus losea, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus, with infection rate of 22.00% (22/100), 6.45% (2/31), 33.33% (1/3) and 20.00% (1/5), respectively, and there was no statistical differences (Fisher's exact probability method, P>0.05). The wild mouse species in Huangchi Town detected to be positive included Rattus losea and Apodemus agrarius. The infection rate was 20.59% (7/34) and 13.64% (3/22), respectively, without statistical significance (χ2=0.094, P>0.05). Conclusion Wild mice may be one of the important sources of infection for schistosomiasis in Ma'anshan area. In the future, we should continue to strengthen the monitoring of wild rodents in epidemic areas, carry out snail control in key environments, and timely drop the wild mouse density by application of integrated measures, such as rodent control and environmental improvement, to further reduce the risk of schistosomiasis transmission.

Key words: Wild mice, Schistosoma japonicum, Infection rate, Ma'anshan City

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