热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (6): 344-348.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.06.009

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

南京市幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染现状调查

殷位刚(), 何伊莎, 杨佩才()   

  1. 南京市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京 210003
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-05 出版日期:2023-12-20 发布日期:2024-01-12
  • 通信作者: 杨佩才,E-mail: njjkypc414096@sina.com
  • 作者简介:殷位刚,男,本科,主管医师,研究方向:寄生虫病防治。E-mail: 405986139@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省血地寄科研课题项目(x202124)

Investigation on the status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among kindergarten children in Nanjing area

YIN Weigang(), HE Yisha, YANG Peicai()   

  1. Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-06-05 Online:2023-12-20 Published:2024-01-12
  • Contact: YANG Peicai, E-mail: njjkypc414096@sina.com

摘要:

目的 了解南京市儿童蛲虫感染现状,为制定和调整蛲虫病防控措施提供依据。方法 2022年9—10月,采取整群随机抽样方法从南京市12个区分别随机抽取1所幼儿园并对所有在校儿童及其主班老师和家长开展调查。采用透明胶纸肛拭法调查儿童蛲虫感染情况,采用问卷方式调查教师及家长蛲虫病相关知识和症状知晓情况。结果 共调查儿童2 348人,蛲虫感染率为1.32%(31/2 348),其中男童感染率1.38%(17/1 235),女童感染率1.26%(14/1 113),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.063,P>0.05)。儿童的感染率呈随年龄增长而升高的趋势(χ2趋势=8.472,P<0.05)。公立幼儿园的儿童蛲虫感染率(0.95%,15/1 575)低于私立幼儿园(2.07%,16/773)(χ2=4.970,P<0.05);城区幼儿园儿童感染率(1.48%,20/1 352)与乡镇幼儿园(1.10%,11/996)差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.619,P>0.05)。幼儿园教师和学生家长对于蛲虫病的知识知晓合格率分别为92.65%(63/68)和84.29%(1 889/2 241),症状知晓合格率分别为92.65%(63/68)和87.55%(1 962/2 241),差异均无统计学意义(χ2=3.524、1.589,P均>0.05)。公立幼儿园教师的知识知晓和症状知晓合格率分别为97.87%(46/47)和100.00%(47/47),私立幼儿园分别为80.95%(17/21)和76.19%(16/21);公立幼儿园学生家长的知识知晓和症状知晓合格率分别为86.10%(1 301/1 511)和89.28%(1 349/1 511),私立幼儿园分别为80.55%(588/730)和83.97%(613/730);上述合格率公立幼儿园均高于私立(χ2=3.869、8.836、11.467、12.713,P均<0.05)。结论 南京市私立幼儿园儿童蛲虫感染率相对较高,其教师和家长蛲虫病相关知识知晓率相对较低。应有针对性地开展防治工作和健康宣教,有效降低儿童蛲虫感染率。

关键词: 蛲虫, 感染率, 幼儿园, 南京市

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of Enterobius vermicularis infection among children in Nanjing area for evidences to formulate and modify corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods By clustered random sampling method, we randomly selected one kindergarten from each of the 12 districts of Nanjing City, and all children, together with the homeroom teachers and the parents in the 12 kindergartens underwent survey between September and October 2022. Cellophane tape and anal swabs were used to detect Enterobius vermicularis infection, and questionnaire survey was conducted on the knowledge and symptoms of Enterobius vermicularis infection in the teachers and the parents. Results In total, 2 348 children were surveyed. The infection rate of pinworms was 1.32% (31/2 348), 1.38% (17/1 235) for boys and 1.26% (14/1 113) for girls, respectively. The difference was insignificant between boys and girls (χ2=0.063, P>0.05), yet the infection rate showed a trend of increasing with age among children of different ages (χ2rend=8.472, P<0.05). Children in public kindergartens had a lower infection rate (0.95%, 15/1 575) than those in private kindergartens (2.07%, 16/773) (χ2=4.970, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the infection rates between kindergartens located in urban areas (1.48%, 20/1 352) and rural areas (1.10%, 11/996) (χ2=0.619, P>0.05). The qualified rate of knowledge about enterobiasis among teachers and parents was 92.65% (63/68) and 84.29% (1 889/2 241), and the qualified rate of symptom awareness was 92.65% (63/68) and 87.55% (1 962/2 241), respectively. Both had no significant difference (χ2=3.524, 1.589, both P>0.05). The qualified rates of knowledge and symptom awareness was 97.87% (46/47) and 100.00% (47/47) for public kindergarten teachers, 80.95% (17/21) and 76.19% (16/21) for private kindergarten teachers, respectively. The qualified rates of knowledge and symptom awareness among parents of public kindergarten students was 86.10% (1 301/1 511) and 89.28% (1 349/1 511), while that among private kindergarten parents was 80.55% (588/730) and 83.97% (613/730), respectively. The qualified rates of above-mentioned items in public kindergarten were higher than those in private kindergarten (χ2=3.869, 8.836, 11.467, 12.713, all P<0.05). Conclusion The infection rate of Enterobius vermicularis appears relatively higher, and the qualified rates of knowledge and symptom awareness of Enterobius vermicularis infection are lower in the teachers and parents in private kindergartens in Nanjing area. The findings suggest that targeted surveillance and health education should be carried out to effectively reduce the pinworm infection rate.

Key words: Enterobius vermicularis, Infection rate, Kindergarten, Nanjing City

中图分类号: