热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 7-11.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.01.002

• 其他感染性腹泻防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年湖南省其他感染性腹泻流行特征分析

戴志辉(), 林慧君, 周帅锋, 杨子琪, 陈生宝, 邓志红, 罗垲炜()   

  1. 湖南省疾病预防控制中心，湖南 长沙 410005
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-03
  • 通信作者: 罗垲炜 E-mail:947658941@qq.com;87616498@qq.com
  • 作者简介:戴志辉，女，硕士，主管医师，研究方向：传染病控制。E-mail: 947658941@qq.com

Epidemiological characteristics of other infectious diarrhea in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023

DAI Zhihui(), LIN Huijun, ZHOU Shuaifeng, YANG Ziqi, CHEN Shengbao, DENG Zhihong, LUO Kaiwei()   

  1. Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-31 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-03
  • Contact: LUO Kaiwei E-mail:947658941@qq.com;87616498@qq.com

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摘要：

目的 掌握湖南省其他感染性腹泻的流行特征和规律，为制定针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2014—2023年湖南省其他感染性腹泻病例及突发公共卫生事件（简称事件）相关资料，使用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014—2023年湖南省累计报告其他感染性腹泻病例286 300例，年均报告发病率为42.37/10万，累计报告死亡病例3例。时间分布上，存在2个高发期，主高发期为12月—次年3月，累计报告病例129 831例（占45.35%）；次高发期为6—9月，累计报告病例83 744例（占29.25%）。地区分布上，报告发病率以湘东和湘西地区较高，年均报告发病率分别为68.05/10万和62.33/10万。人群分布上，男、女累计报告病例数分别为160 980例和125 320例，年均报告发病率分别为46.41/10万和38.15/10万；6岁以下儿童是发病的主要人群，占总报告病例数的65.14%（186 500/286 300）；职业分布上，散居儿童占比最高，共报告175 640例（占61.35%），其次是农民，共报告46 172例（占16.13%）。2014—2023年湖南省共报告其他感染性腹泻事件119起，其中107起（占89.92%）发生在学校/托幼机构，86起（占72.27%）病原体为诺如病毒。结论 湖南省其他感染性腹泻高发季节为冬季和夏季，6岁以下散居儿童是防控重点人群，学校/托幼机构是其他感染性腹泻事件的重点防控场所。应在高发季节前，对重点人群、重点地区和重点场所采取健康监测、食品/水源安全监管、健康教育等针对性的防控措施。

关键词: 其他感染性腹泻, 流行特征, 突发公共卫生事件, 湖南省

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and patterns of other infectious diarrhea in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023 for scientific basis to propose targeted prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods The case data on other infectious diarrhea and public health emergencies (referred to as events) reported in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The results were then analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results From 2014 to 2023, a total of 286 300 cases of other infectious diarrhea were reported in Hunan Province. The average annual incidence rate was 42.37 per 100 000 population, and 3 deaths were reported. By temporal distribution, there were two high-incidence periods. The main high-incidence period was from December to March of the following year, during which a total of 129 831 cases were reported (45.35%), and the secondary high-incidence period was from June to September, during which a total of 83 744 cases were reported (29.25%). By regional distribution, the incidence rates were higher in the eastern and western regions of Hunan, with average annual incidence of 68.05 per 100 000 population and 62.33 per 100 000 population, respectively. By population distribution, the cumulative cases were 160 980 for males and 125 320 for females, with an average annual incidence of 46.41 per 100 000 population and 38.15 per 100 000 population, respectively. Children under 6 years old were the main affected population, accounting for 65.14% (186 500/286 300) of the total reported cases. Among different occupations, the incidence was the highest in children living at home, in whom a total of 175 640 cases (61.35%) were reported, followed by farmers, with a total of 46 172 cases reported (16.13%). From 2014 to 2023, a total of 119 other infectious diarrhea events were reported in Hunan Province, of which 107 (89.92%) occurred in schools or kindergartens, and 86 events (72.27%) were caused by norovirus. Conclusion The high-incidences of other infectious diarrhea in Hunan Province are in winter and summer seasons. The key prevention and control population is children under 6 years old living at home, and schools or kindergartens shall be the pivotal prevention and control sites for other infectious diarrhea events. Before the high-incidence season, targeted prevention and control measures such as health monitoring, food/water source safety supervision, and health education should be implemented for key populations, key regions and key venues.

Key words: Other infectious diarrhea, Epidemiological characteristics, Public health emergency, Hunan Province

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