热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 198-203.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2026.04.002

• 布鲁氏菌病防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015—2025年全国布鲁氏菌病突发公共卫生事件流行特征分析

王赢(), 段天一(), 李学嘉, 张晓晨, 肖瑛, 刘佳彬, 吕珊珊   

  1. 中国疾病预防控制中心鼠疫布氏菌病预防控制基地， 吉林白城 137000
  • 收稿日期:2026-07-02 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-09-29
  • 通信作者: 段天一，E-mail: 171242572@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王赢，男，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：布鲁氏菌病防控。E-mail: 86257929@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省卫生健康科技能力提升计划项目(2025JK-YA004)

Epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies related to brucellosis in China from 2015 to 2025

WANG Ying(), DUAN Tianyi(), LI Xuejia, ZHANG Xiaochen, XIAO Ying, LIU Jiabin, LÜ Shanshan   

  1. Base for Plague and Brucellosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baicheng 137000, Jilin Province, China
  • Received:2026-07-02 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-09-29
  • Contact: DUAN Tianyi, E-mail: 171242572@qq.com

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摘要：

目的 分析全国布鲁氏菌病（简称布病）突发公共卫生事件流行特征，为精准识别该类事件发生风险、尽早采取有效应急防范措施提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法对2015—2025年突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统中全国布病突发事件的时间、地区、人群分布特征以及事件发生场所和原因进行分析。结果 2015—2025年全国共报告布病突发事件723起，以未分级事件为主（601起，占83.13%）；涉及病例2 507例，无死亡病例报告。每年均有布病突发事件报告，2021年最多（102起）；各月份均有布病突发事件发生，主要集中在3—8月份（567起，占78.42%）。全国共有26个省份报告了布病突发事件，事件数居全国前三位的省份分别是山东（250起，占34.58%）、重庆（76起，占10.51%）和贵州（63起，占8.71%）。突发事件病例以男性为主（1 531例，占61.07%），高发年龄为30~69岁（1 861例，占74.23%），职业以农民为主（1 560例，占62.23%）。家庭与农村村庄是突发事件的主要发生场所（548起，占75.80%）。突发事件发生原因以媒介动物传播和生活接触传播为主（620起，占85.75%）。结论 我国布病突发事件发生频次较高，区域范围进一步扩大，需进一步加强联防联控，控制传染源，有效切断可能的传播途径，保障群众身体健康和畜牧产业健康发展。

关键词: 布鲁氏菌病, 突发公共卫生事件, 流行特征

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies associated with brucellosis in China for scientific evidence in accurate identification of the risk of such events, early detection and timely implementation of effective measures for prevention of the emergency. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, regional, and population distribution characteristics, as well as the locations and causes of brucellosis-related public health emergencies reported in the National Public Health Emergency Management Information System from 2015 to 2025. Results From 2015 to 2025, a total of 723 brucellosis-related public health emergencies were reported nationwide, which were primarily unclassified events (601 events, 83.13%), including 2 507 cases cumulatively. No death was reported. Brucellosis outbreaks were reported every year, peaking in 2021 (102 events). Brucellosis incidents occurred in each month, mainly concentrated from March to August (567 events, 78.42%). A total of 26 provinces across the country reported brucellosis outbreaks. The provinces with the largest number of incidents were Shandong (250 events, 34.58%), Chongqing (76 events, 10.51%), and Guizhou (63 events, 8.71%). The cases from incidents were mainly males (1 531 cases, 61.07%), and the high-risk age group was 30-69 years old (1 861 cases, 74.23%). The majority of cases were farmers (1 560 cases, 62.23%). Households and rural villages were the primary settings of outbreaks (548 events, 75.80%), with animal-mediated transmission and contact transmission being the main causes (620 events, 85.75%). Conclusion The frequency of brucellosis-related public health emergencies across the country remained relatively higher, with the geographical scope further expanding. It is essential to further strengthen joint prevention and control efforts, effectively manage infection sources and interrupt potential transmission routes, as well as safeguard public health and ensure the healthy development of the livestock industry.

Key words: Brucellosis, Public health emergency, Epidemiological characteristics

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