Epidemiological characteristics analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023

doi:10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.05.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in population in Hunan Province for scientific basis in formulating prevention and control strategies. Method The cases of SFTS reported in Hunan Province between 2014 and 2023 were retrieved from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, and descriptively analyzed regarding the temporal, population and regional distribution, the patients′ visits, death cases and clusters. In addition, between 2014 and 2019, 2015 and 2023, and 2020 and 2023, we conducted serological surveillance on the Bandavirus dabieense in healthy population in Yongxing County of Chenzhou City, Xinhua County of Loudi City and Cili County of Zhangjiajie City, respectively. The serum-specific total antibody was detected by double antigen sandwich ELISA. Finally, the positive rate of DBV antibody in healthy population was calculated. Results A total of 59 cases of SFTS were reported in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023, and only one death occurred. The average annual incidence was 0.006 6/100 000. Of the 14 cities in Hunan Province, SFTS cases were reported in 7 cities, in which the top three cities were Huaihua (39 cases), Yueyang (8 cases) and Zhangjiajie (6 cases). SFTS was prevalent in typical seasonal fashion in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023, and dominated in between June and November, during which a total of 48 cases were reported and accounted for 81.35% of the total reported cases. Among the reported cases, 32 were males and 27 females. The age was mainly in 50-79 years old, in whom 50 cases were reported, accounting for 84.75% of the total reported cases. The occupation was mainly associated with farmers (89.83%, 53/59). A total of 2 clusters of epidemics were reported, one of which was caused by human-to-human transmission, and the other was caused by tick bites. A total of 7 055 people underwent serological detection, which revealed positive DBV antibody in 158 (2.24%). Conclusion The incidence of SFTS in Hunan Province shows an increasing trend from 2014 to 2023. The findings suggest that it is necessary to strengthen the training of medical personnel, improve the diagnostic level of grassroots medical institutions, avoid delaying patient treatment and causing outbreaks due to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. At the same time, health education and awareness of personal protection should be improved in order to reduce the risk of infection.

Key words: Server fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, Epidemiological characteristics, Cluster epidemics, Serological surveillance, Hunan Province

CLC Number:

R511，R181.3

YANG Hao, ZHANG Siyu, ZHAO Shanlu, DAI Zhihui, BU Zheni, CHEN Shengbao, LIU Rongjiao, ZHAN Zhifei, LUO Kaiwei. Epidemiological characteristics analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Hunan Province from 2014 to 2023[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2024, 22(5): 267-270.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 25

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地市	县（区）	发病数（例）	死亡数（例）
怀化市	沅陵县	38	1
怀化市	溆浦县	1	0
岳阳市	华容县	4	0
	君山区	2	0
	平江县	1	0
	岳阳县	1	0
张家界市	慈利县	6	0
长沙市	长沙县	1	0
常德市	澧县	1	0
常德市	石门县	1	0
郴州市	安仁县	1	0
娄底市	新化县	2	0
合计		59	1

特征	发病数（例）	占比（%）
性别
男	32	54.24
女	27	45.76
年龄组（岁）
< 30	0	0
30~39	2	3.39
40~49	5	8.47
50~59	12	20.34
60~69	20	33.90
70~79	18	30.51
≥ 80	2	3.39
职业
农民	53	89.83
医务人员	1	1.69
护林员	1	1.69
离退人员	1	1.69
家务及待业	1	1.69
商业服务	1	1.69
不详	1	1.69

年龄（岁）	郴州市永兴县			娄底市新化县			张家界市慈利县			合计
年龄（岁）	检测数（例）	抗体阳性数（例）	抗体阳性率（%）	检测数（例）	抗体阳性数（例）	抗体阳性率（%）	检测数（例）	抗体阳性数（例）	抗体阳性率（%）	检测数（例）	抗体阳性数（例）	抗体阳性率（%）
0~9	400	14	3.50	239	6	2.51	54	6	11.11	693	26	3.75
10~19	400	16	4.00	277	8	2.89	58	1	1.72	735	25	3.40
20~29	400	15	3.75	148	2	1.35	26	2	7.69	574	19	3.31
30~39	400	9	2.25	186	2	1.08	35	2	5.71	621	13	2.09
40~49	400	4	1.00	331	4	1.21	86	2	2.33	817	10	1.22
50~59	400	7	1.75	452	8	1.77	159	8	5.03	1 011	23	2.27
≥60	400	6	1.50	1 461	21	1.44	743	16	2.15	2 604	43	1.65
合计	2 800	71	2.54	3 094	51	1.65	1 161	36	3.10	7 055	158	2.24