Epidemic characteristics of fatal cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China from 2010 to 2023

doi:10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.05.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fatal cases from severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in China from 2010 to 2023 for reference in formulating scientific prevention and control of this infection. Mvethods The fatal cases of SFTS reported in the Information System for Disease Prevention and Control in China were collected from 2010 to 2023. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, spatial, and demographic characteristics of SFTS deaths, as well as the time interval characteristics from onset to diagnosis and onset to death. Results From 2010 to 2023, a total of 1 326 SFTS deaths were reported in 736 townships in 219 counties (cities/districts) of 62 cities in the 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities). The average annual case fatality rate was 4.83%. The annual numbers of deaths increased, whereas the annual case fatality rate decreased in wave fashion. The case fatality rate was decreased year after year from 2019 to 2023. The number of deaths in 2023 was 191, with case fatality rate of 3.77%. The deaths represented seasonal distribution, which peaked between May and July, accounting for 61.84% (820/1 326) of the total deaths. From 2010 to 2023, the number of regions with deaths from SFTS was gradually increased, and 51.43% (682/1 326) of the deaths were reported in Shandong Province. The gender ratio was 1.15∶1. The deaths occurred in 96.15% (1 275/1 326) of population aged 50 years and over, the case fatality rate was increased with age, and 84.46% (1 120/1 326) were farmers. The annual median interval between onset and diagnosis was 89.00 days in 2010, and ranged from 6.54 days to 9.71 days from 2011 to 2023. A total of 578 deaths were confirmed after death, accounting for 43.59% (578/1 326) of the total reported deaths, in which 60.90% (352/578) occurred in Shandong Province. Conclusion The number of SFTS deaths was generally increased in the past 13 years in China, yet the annual case fatality rate was declined. In response to the continuous expansion of the number of regions and the increasing number of deaths, strengthening case monitoring, diagnosis and treatment of SFTS is recommended. In addition, it is necessary to enhance education of prevention and control knowledge related to SFTS in the key population.

Key words: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, Fatal cases, Epidemiological characteristics, China

CLC Number:

R512.8，R181.3

YUE Yujuan, REN Dongsheng, LUN Xinchang. Epidemic characteristics of fatal cases of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China from 2010 to 2023[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2024, 22(5): 257-261.

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年份	发病数（例）	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	死亡病例涉及的行政区域
年份	发病数（例）	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	省份数（个）	地市数（个）	县（市、区）数（个）	乡镇数（个）
2010	71	9	12.68	3	4	5	8
2011	547	58	10.60	6	14	32	52
2012	681	49	7.20	6	20	29	47
2013	878	62	7.06	6	22	39	56
2014	1 387	100	7.21	7	23	44	80
2015	2 073	79	3.81	8	23	47	74
2016	2 601	69	2.65	7	23	39	62
2017	1 900	74	3.89	7	22	44	70
2018	1 848	114	6.17	8	22	51	97
2019	1 841	99	5.38	7	22	48	86
2020	2 503	128	5.11	7	25	64	111
2021	2 638	134	5.08	7	22	66	123
2022	3 418	160	4.68	7	28	72	136
2023	5 061	191	3.77	8	34	83	158
合计	27 447	1 326	4.83	12	62	219	736

省份	2010—2023年			2010—2018年			2019—2023年
省份	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	构成比（%）^*	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	构成比（%）^*	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	构成比（%）^*
山东	682	8.64	51.43	333	9.60	54.23	349	7.89	49.02
安徽	184	3.22	13.88	63	3.44	10.26	121	3.12	16.99
河南	128	2.04	9.65	54	1.41	8.79	74	3.00	10.39
浙江	124	12.53	9.35	49	11.89	7.98	75	12.98	10.53
湖北	104	2.64	7.84	80	5.11	13.03	24	1.01	3.37
江苏	72	7.52	5.43	12	4.90	1.95	60	8.43	8.43
辽宁	27	1.90	2.04	20	3.57	3.26	7	0.82	0.98
湖南	1	1.67	0.08	0	0	0	1	1.75	0.14
江西	1	2.94	0.08	1	12.50	0.16	0	0	0
河北	1	4.00	0.08	1	25.00	0.16	0	0	0
四川	1	4.00	0.08	1	5.56	0.16	0	0	0
北京	1	5.26	0.08	0	0	0	1	7.69	0.14

省份	2010—2023年			2010—2018年			2019—2023年
省份	地市（个）	县（市、区）（个）	乡镇（街道）（个）	地市（个）	县（市、区）（个）	乡镇（街道）（个）	地市（个）	县（市、区）（个）	乡镇（街道）（个）
山东	13	75	327	11	58	202	11	58	216
安徽	10	47	124	8	25	49	8	40	88
河南	4	14	67	3	11	35	3	10	41
浙江	9	31	81	8	17	33	8	25	58
湖北	9	21	67	8	18	54	5	8	21
江苏	9	17	40	5	9	12	6	12	30
辽宁	3	9	25	2	7	18	2	4	7
湖南	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1
江西	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0
河北	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0
四川	1	1	1	1	1	1	0	0	0
北京	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	1
合计	62	219	736	48	148	406	45	159	463

排名	地市	县（市、区）	乡镇（街道）
1	山东省烟台市（229例）	山东省威海市文登区（57例）	山东省烟台市招远市齐山镇（14例）
2	山东省威海市（122例）	山东省烟台市莱州市（47例）	山东省烟台市莱州市郭家店镇（11例）
3	河南省信阳市（121例）	山东省烟台市蓬莱市（43例）	山东省烟台市招远市夏甸镇（10例）
4	山东省泰安市（109例）	山东省烟台市招远市（38例）	山东省威海市文登区宋村镇（10例）
5	山东省济南市（94例）	河南省信阳市商城县（37例）	河南省信阳市商城县汪桥镇（10例）

特征	死亡数（例）	病死率（%）	构成比（%）
性别
男	709	5.50	53.47
女	617	4.24	46.53
年龄组（岁）
30~39	5	0.72	0.38
40~49	46	1.83	3.47
50~59	200	3.20	15.08
60~69	433	4.97	32.65
70~79	491	6.92	37.03
≥ 80	151	8.86	11.39
职业
农民	1 120	4.81	84.46
家务及待业	104	4.73	7.85
其他	102	5.17	7.69