热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 263-267,300.

• 寄生虫病防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2016—2023年山东省沿海地区人群土源性线虫感染监测结果分析

吕文祥，许艳，卜灿灿，李曰进，王龙江，孔祥礼，张本光，闫歌，王用斌   

  1. 山东省寄生虫病防治研究所，山东第一医科大学（山东省医学科学院），山东 济宁 272033
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-16 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 王用斌，E-mail: aveo226@163.com
  • 作者简介:吕文祥，男，硕士，研究实习员，研究方向：媒介生物学及其防治研究。E-mail: lwxiang1996@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（202401050109）

Surveillance results of soil-transmitted nematode infections among the population in coastal areas of Shandong Province from 2016 to 2023

LÜ Wenxiang, XU Yan, BU Cancan, LI Yuejin, WANG Longjiang, KONG Xiangli, ZHANG Benguang, YAN Ge,#br# WANG Yongbin#br#   

  1. Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University＆Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining 272033, Shandong Province, China 
  • Received:2025-01-16 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-11-28

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摘要： 目的 分析山东省沿海地区人群土源性线虫感染情况，为寄生虫病防治策略及措施的制定提供科学依据。方法 2016—2023年在山东省沿海地区40个县（市、区）的监测点开展调查工作。每个监测点按地理方位划分为东、南、西、北、中5个片区，每个片区选取1个行政村（社区）开展监测，每个行政村（社区）抽取3周岁及以上常住居民至少200人。采用改良加藤厚涂片法（一粪二检）检测土源性线虫感染情况，分析不同地区、人群的感染率差异。结果 2016—2023年在山东省沿海地区共调查43 217人，检出土源性线虫感染者558人，总感染率为1.29%（558/43 217）；人群历年感染率分别为2.43%、2.84%、1.05%、1.74%、0.26%、1.56%、0.68%、0.02%，总体呈下降趋势（χ2趋势=194.132，P<0.01）。地区分布中，3个县（市、区）土源性线虫感染率超过5.00%，分别是荣成市（8.76%）、岚山区（7.83%）和海阳市（5.96%）；18个县（市、区）未检出感染者。感染虫种以鞭虫为主，占94.80%（529/558），感染率为1.22%（529/43 217）；蛔虫和钩虫的感染率分别为0.07%（31/43 217）和0.03%（11/43 217）；混合感染13例，混合感染率为0.03%。60岁及以上、农牧民、文盲或半文盲人群的感染率较高，分别为2.01%、1.72%和4.91%，土源性线虫感染率在不同年龄、职业、文化程度人群中差异均有统计学意义（χ2=141.018、106.445、297.168，P均<0.01）。结论 山东省沿海地区人体土源性线虫的感染率总体呈下降趋势，但高于全省平均水平，不同地区和人群感染率差异较大，鞭虫为优势虫种，建议继续开展监测工作，并加强对重点地区和重点人群的防控。

关键词: 土源性线虫, 感染率, 监测, 沿海地区, 山东省

Abstract: Objective To analyze the infection status of soil-transmitted nematodes among the population in coastal areas of Shandong Province for scientific evidences in formulation of parasite prevention and control strategies or measures. Methods From 2016 to 2023, a survey was conducted at the monitoring sites in 40 counties (cities and districts) along the coastal areas of Shandong Province. Each survey site was divided into 5 geographical zones (east, south, west, north, and central), from which one administrative village (community) was selected for monitoring, and at least 200 permanent residents aged 3 years and above were sampled from each administrative village (community). The modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (one stool sample tested twice) was used to detect soil-transmitted helminth infections, analyze the differences in infection rates among different regions and populations. Results From 2016 to 2023, a total of 43 217 people in the coastal areas of Shandong Province underwent survey, which revealed nematode infection in 558 people, with a total infection rate being 1.29% (558/43 217). The infection rates of the population over the years were 2.43%, 2.84%, 1.05%, 1.74%, 0.26%, 1.56%, 0.68% and 0.02%, respectively. The infection rate generally showed a downward trend (χ2trend=194.132, P<0.01). By regional distribution, the infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes exceeded 5.00% in three counties (cities and districts), which were Rongcheng City (8.76%), Lanshan District (7.83%), and Haiyang City (5.96%). No infections were detected in the remaining 18 counties (cities and districts). Trichuris trichura was the major species for the infection, accounting for 94.80% (529/558), with an infection rate of 1.22% (529/43 217), and the infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides and Ancylostoma duodenale were 0.07% (31/43 217) and 0.03% (11/43 217), respectively. There were 13 cases of mixed infection, with an infection rate of 0.03%. The infection rates were the highest among people aged 60 and above (2.01%), farmers and herdsmen (1.72%), and illiterates or semi-illiterates (4.91%). The infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes showed significant differences among people of different ages, occupations, and educational levels (χ2=141.018, 106.445, 297.168, all P<0.01). Conclusion The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes in the coastal areas of Shandong Province has generally shown a downward trend, yet it is higher than the provincial average level, the prevalence varies greatly among different regions and populations. Trichuris trichura are the dominant species. It is recommended to continue the monitoring work and strengthen the prevention and control of the infection in key regions and populations. 

Key words: Soil-transmitted nematode, Infection rate, Monitoring, Coastal area, Shandong Province

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