热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 23-26.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.01.005

• 感染性腹泻防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2012—2023年梧州市水产品和水体中O1/O139群霍乱弧菌监测结果分析

林静梅(), 冼桂江   

  1. 梧州市疾病预防控制中心，广西 梧州 543002
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-03-15
  • 作者简介:林静梅，女，本科，主管技师，研究方向：微生物检验。E-mail: 466138509@qq.com

Analysis on the monitoring results of O1/O139 group Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products and water bodies in Wuzhou City from 2012 to 2023

LIN Jingmei(), XIAN Guijiang   

  1. Wuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuzhou 543002, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-12-29 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-03-15

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摘要：

目的 了解O1/O139群霍乱弧菌在梧州市水产品和水体中的污染状况，为防控工作提供科学依据。方法 2012—2023年每年5—10月，对梧州市各农贸市场和超市的水产品和养殖池水随机采样，并定点采集易受污染的池塘水、江河水。对采集的样本进行霍乱弧菌分离培养、生化鉴定、血清学分型和毒力基因检测。结果 2012—2023年梧州市共监测水产品和水体4 844份，共检出O1/O139群霍乱弧菌53份，总检出率为1.09%。其中水产品监测3 020份，检出率为1.42%（43/3 020），水体监测1 824份，检出率为0.55%（10/1 824），水产品和水体检出率差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.056，P<0.05）。不同月份的水产品霍乱弧菌检出率差异有统计学意义（χ2=16.053，P<0.05），其中9月的检出率较高（3.54%，12/339），7月的检出率较低（0.68%，4/588）。不同类型水产品和水体的霍乱弧菌检出率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=82.308、15.752，P均<0.05）；水产品中蛙类检出率较高（10.27%，23/224），水体中养殖池水检出率较高（2.43%，7/288）。检出的53株菌株中，O1群小川型22株，O1群稻叶型24株，O139群7株；霍乱毒素（cholera toxin, CT）毒力基因均为阴性。结论 梧州市水产品和水体均存在霍乱弧菌污染，应进一步加强监测工作力度，及时掌握霍乱弧菌的污染状况，严防霍乱疫情发生。

关键词: 霍乱弧菌, 水产品, 水体, 监测, 梧州市

Abstract:

Objective To understand the pollution status of O1/O139 group Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products and water bodies in Wuzhou City for scientific evidences in following prevention and control tasks. Methods From 2012 to 2023, we conducted random sampling of the aquatic products and aquaculture pond water from farmers' markets and supermarkets in Wuzhou City annually from May to October, and collected the pond water and river water that was susceptible to contamination at designated points. The samples were all subjected to isolation and culturing for Vibrio cholerae as well as biochemical identification, serotype and virulence gene detection. Results In total, 4 844 samples of aquatic products and water bodies were monitored in Wuzhou City from 2012 to 2023. Vibrio cholerae was detected in 53 samples of O1/O139 group, with a total detection rate of 1.09%. Of the samples, 3 020 were from aquatic products and 1 824 from water bodies. The detection rate was 1.42% (43/3 020) for the former, and 0.55% (10/1 824) for the latter, with significant difference (χ2=8.056, P<0.05). The detection rate of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products differed significantly in different months (χ2=16.053, P<0.05), and was higher in September (3.54%, 12/339) and lower in July (0.68%, 4/588).The difference of Vibrio cholera was significant in different types of aquatic products and water bodies (χ2=82.308, 15.752, respectively, both P<0.05). Higher detection rate was seen in frogs in aquatic products (10.27%, 23/224) and in aquaculture pond water (2.43%, 7/288). In the 53 strains detected, 22 were O1 serotype Ogawa, 24 were O1 serotype Inaba, and 7 were O139 type. CT virulence genes were all negative. Conclusion Pollution of Vibrio cholerae was seen in the aquatic products and water bodies in Wuzhou City. The findings suggest that it is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring efforts, timely understand the contamination status of Vibrio cholerae, and strictly prevent the occurrence of cholera epidemic.

Key words: Vibrio cholerae, Aquatic products, Water bodies, Monitoring, Wuzhou City

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