热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 278-281,300.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.05.008

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2017—2021年铜陵市疑似预防接种异常反应监测结果分析

叶蓉蓉(), 王兆芳, 王金峰   

  1. 铜陵市疾病预防控制中心,安徽 铜陵 244000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-29 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-11-07
  • 作者简介:叶蓉蓉,女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:传染性疾病控制。E-mail: 420419903@qq.com

Analysis on the surveillance results of suspected adverse events following immunization in Tongling City from 2017 to 2021

YE Rongrong(), WANG Zhaofang, WANG Jinfeng   

  1. Tongling Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongling 244000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2023-01-29 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-11-07

摘要:

目的 分析铜陵市疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization, AEFI)的分布情况,评价AEFI监测工作开展情况,为预防接种的安全实施提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统国家免疫规划信息系统收集2017—2021年铜陵市报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法对AEFI个案发生的时间和人群特征以及不同疫苗的AEFI发生情况等进行分析。结果 2017—2021年铜陵市共接种疫苗1 711 172剂次,报告AEFI个案937例,年均报告发生率为54.76/10万剂次;其中一般反应810例(占86.45%),异常反应125例(占13.34%),偶合症2例(占0.21%)。AEFI个案报告主要集中在3—8月(708例,占75.56%)。男女报告个案数分别为492例和445例,性别比为1.11:1;年龄分布上以2岁以下婴幼儿为主(696例,占74.28%)。报告发生率居前三位的疫苗分别为冻干流感减毒活疫苗(鼻喷)(250.94/10万剂次)、DTap-Hib四联疫苗(219.22/10万剂次)、13价肺炎疫苗(170.16/10万剂次)。75.35%的AEFI发生在接种后24 h内,所有个案均已好转或痊愈。结论 铜陵市疫苗安全性总体较好,2岁以下婴幼儿是AEFI发生的重点人群。

关键词: 疑似预防接种异常反应, 预防接种, 监测, 铜陵市

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the distribution of suspected adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Tongling City, evaluate the progress of AEFI surveillance, and provide evidence for safe implementation of immunization. Methods Case data of AEFI reported in Tongling City from 2017 to 2021 were collected through the National Immunization Planning Information Management System under the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence of AEFI, the time and population characteristics of AEFI cases, and the occurrence of AEFI in different vaccines. Results A total of 1 711 172 doses of vaccine were administered in the population living in Tongling City from 2017 to 2021, with 937 cases of AEFI reported. The average annual reported incidence was 54.76 per 100 000 doses. Of the AEFIs, 810 cases (86.45%) were associated with general reactions, 125 (13.34%) with abnormal reactions, and 2 (0.21%) with coincidental events. AEFI cases were primarily reported in between March and August (n=708, 75.56%). The number of male and female cases reported was 492 and 445, respectively, with a gender ratio of 1.11:1. AEFI cases were most seen in infants aged under 2 years (n=696, 74.28%). The vaccines with the highest reporting rates were live attenuated influenza vaccine (nasal spray) (250.94/100 000 doses), DTap-Hib tetanus vaccine (219.22/100 000 doses), and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (170.16/100 000 doses). 75.35% of AEFIs occurred within 24 hours after vaccination, and all cases improved or recovered. Conclusion The safety of vaccines in Tongling City was generally good, yet infants under 2 years old were the key population of AEFI cases.

Key words: Adverse events following immunization, Immunization, Monitoring, Tongling City

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