Analysis on the prevention of mother-to-child in pregnant women infected HIV in Wuhu City from 2011 to 2020

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.05.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the situation of HIV infection and blocking mother-to-child transmission in pregnant and postpartum women in Wuhu City for scientific evidences to perfect the prevention measures for HIV infection. Methods The relevant data of pregnant women infected with HIV and their children in Wuhu City were retrieved from 2011 to 2020 through the management information system for the prevention of mother to child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B, and then analyzed regarding the HIV related detection, demographic distribution characteristics, and prevention of mother-infant transmission. Results In total, 50 women were detected to be positive for HIV from 2011 to 2020 in Wuhu area. The average positive detection rate was 16.59/100 000. The average age of pregnant women with positive HIV findings was (29.54 ± 5.99) years. The educational background was primarily associated with junior high school (n=25, 50.00%), and the occupation was involved in housewife and unemployment (n=32, 64.00%). The main route of infection was from sexual transmission (n=28, 56.00%). Twenty-seven women (54.00%) chose to continue pregnancy with informed consent, and 21 (42.00%) terminated pregnancy. Spontaneous abortion occurred in 1 case, and another 1 lost the follow-up (2.00% respectively). Among the 27 pregnant women who continued to conceive, 17 cases (62.96%) received CD4⁺T lymphocyte testing, 6 cases (22.22%) received virus load testing, and 25 (92.59%) were treated with antiviral drugs. Twenty-seven infants were delivered and survived in the 27 women persisting their pregnancy. Twenty-six infants (96.30%) received antiviral drugs and 24 (88.89%) were excluded from HIV infection by detection at 18^th month. Infection was uncertain in one infant, and another 2 were lost to follow. Conclusion From 2011 to 2020, the HIV testing rate and antiviral drug use rate in the pregnant women and children in Wuhu City have all met the require indicators specified in the national project. In following efforts, it is necessary to further improve the testing rate for CD4⁺T lymphocyte and viral load in the HIV infected pregnant women, and focus on prenatal testing and management of the pregnant women in the floating population.

Key words: Pregnant woman, HIV, Mother-to-child transmission, Wuhu City

CLC Number:

R211，R373.9

WU Weilin, WANG Run. Analysis on the prevention of mother-to-child in pregnant women infected HIV in Wuhu City from 2011 to 2020[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2023, 21(5): 282-286.

Figures/Tables 4

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References 15

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年份	住院分娩产妇总例数	孕妇HIV检测		HIV阳性
年份	住院分娩产妇总例数	例数（例）	检测率（%）	例数（例）	检出率（1/10万）
2011	20 131	18 676	92.77	6	32.13
2012	24 134	23 639	97.95	3	12.69
2013	30 890	30 648	99.22	3	9.79
2014	33 349	33 292	99.83	6	18.02
2015	29 649	29 636	99.96	2	6.75
2016	38 632	38 632	100.00	3	7.77
2017	36 205	36 205	100.00	3	8.29
2018	33 433	33 433	100.00	4	11.96
2019	31 535	31 535	100.00	10	31.71
2020	25 627	25 627	100.00	10	39.02
合计	303 585	301 323	99.25	50	16.59

特征	例数（例）	构成比（%）	特征	例数（例）	构成比（%）
年龄（岁）			婚姻状况
<25	6	12.00	未婚	7	14.00
25~35	36	72.00	已婚	41	82.00
≥36	8	16.00	离异	2	4.00
民族			感染发现时间
汉族	38	76.00	妊娠前	19	38.00
少数民族	11	22.00	妊娠期	30	60.00
外籍	1	2.00	妊娠后	1	2.00
文化程度			感染途径
小学及以下	12	24.00	性传播	28	56.00
初中	25	50.00	注射毒品	2	4.00
高中	7	14.00	输血/血制品	2	4.00
大专及以上	4	8.00	不详	18	36.00
不详	2	4.00	丈夫或性伴侣感染情况
职业			阳性	8	16.00
农民工/农民	3	6.00	阴性	28	56.00
家务及待业	32	64.00	未检测/不详	14	28.00
其他	15	30.00

项目措施	例数（例）	构成比（%）	项目措施	例数（例）	构成比（%）
CD4⁺T淋巴细胞（/mL）			产时	1	3.70
<200	5	18.52	未用药	2	7.41
200~499	8	29.63	分娩方式
≥500	4	14.81	自然分娩	11	40.74
未检测	10	37.04	剖宫产	16	59.26
病毒载量（copies/mL）			分娩孕周
<50	5	18.52	<37	2	7.41
50~999	0	0	37~41	24	88.89
≥1 000	1	3.70	≥42	1	3.70
未检测	21	77.78	产妇结局
抗病毒用药时期			存活	27	100.00
孕期	24	88.89	死亡	0	0

项目措施	例数（例）	构成比（%）	项目措施	例数（例）	构成比（%）
性别			阴性	14	51.85
男	13	48.15	阳性	0	0
女	14	51.85	未检测/不详	13	48.15
出生体重（g）			12月龄HIV检测结果
<2 500	2	7.41	阴性	14	51.85
2 500~3 999	25	92.59	阳性	0	0
≥4 000	0	0	结果不确定	11	40.74
是否抗病毒用药			未检测/不详	2	7.41
是	26	96.30	18月龄HIV检测结果
否	1	3.70	阴性	24	88.89
12月龄前喂养情况			阳性	0	0
人工喂养	27	100.00	结果不确定	1	3.70
母乳/混合喂养	0	0	失访	2	7.41
早期核酸检测结果