热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2020, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 155-158.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010-2019 年吉林省猩红热流行特征分析

赵庆龙1,刘诗蒙2, 李美娜3, 赵尧2,于光艳2∗
  

  1. 1. 吉林省疾病预防控制中心,长春 130062; 2. 吉林大学公共卫生学院; 3. 吉林大学第一医院
  • 出版日期:2020-08-12 发布日期:2020-08-12
  • 通信作者: ∗通讯作者,于光艳,E-mail:yugy@ jlu. edu. cn
  • 作者简介:赵庆龙,男,硕士,副主任医师,研究方向:急性传染病预防控制。E-mail:jlcdczql@ 126. com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科学技术重大专项艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等传染病防治- 吉林省特色传染病病原谱流行规律研究(20172X10103007-003)

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Jilin Province from 2010 to 2019

ZHAO Qing-long1 , LIU Shi-meng2 , LI Mei-na3 , ZHAO Yao2 , YU Guang-yan2∗   

  1. 1. Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130062, China; 2. School of Public Health of Jilin University; 3. The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University
  • Online:2020-08-12 Published:2020-08-12
  • Contact: ∗Corresponding author, E-mail: yugy@ jlu. edu. cn

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摘要： 目的 分析吉林省猩红热发病趋势和流行特征,为制订有效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2010-2019 年吉林省报告的猩红热病例信息,采用描述性流行病学方法对吉林省猩红热三间分布特征进行分析。结果 2010-2019 年吉林省累计报告猩红热病例26 614 例,年平均发病率为9. 71/ 10 万。一年四季均有病例发生,存在明显的季节性,发病高峰出现在5-6 月和10-12 月。在各个市(州)均有发病,年平均发病率居前3 位的市(州)为延边朝鲜族自治州(23. 12 / 10 万) 、吉林市(16. 68/ 10 万)和松原市(10. 84/ 10 万),不同地区之间发病率差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。男性报告病例数明显高于女性,男女性别比为1. 44 ∶ 1;男性发病率为11. 30/ 10 万,女性发病率为8. 08/ 10 万,两者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。发病患者年龄集中在15 岁以下(占97. 87%),以5~6 岁报告发病率最高,报告发病率为230. 01/ 10 万。职业分布主要为学生(占41. 88%)、托幼儿童(占40. 67%)和散居儿童(占15. 96%)。 结论 吉林省猩红热发病呈周期性波动,学生和托幼儿童是发病的高危人群,冬春季是猩红热高发季节,应加强冬春季学校和托幼机构以及高发病地区猩红热疫情防控工作,有效控制猩红热的发生和蔓延。

关键词: 猩红热, 流行特征, 监测, 吉林省

Abstract: Objective To analyze the tendency and epidemic characteristics of scarlet fever in Jilin Province for scientific evidence to plan effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Cases of scarlet fever reported in Jilin Province were retrieved from 2010 to 2019 through China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of this infectious disease in Jilin from 2010 to 2019. Results Totally, 26 614 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Jilin Province from 2010 through 2019, with an average annual incidence rate of 9. 71/ 100 000. This disease was prevalent throughout the year, yet characterized in seasonal fashion, peaked between May and June, and October and December. Although scarlet fever was generally prevalent in each city (prefecture), yet highest in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (23. 12/ 100 000), Jilin City(16. 68/ 100 000) and Songyuan City(10. 84/ 100 000). The incidence rate varied among different areas (P<0. 05). Students (41. 88% ),children at nursery(40. 67% ) and scattered living children (15. 96% ) were mostly affected, particularly those aged under 15 years(97. 87% ). The reported cases were higher in boys than in girls, with a ratio of 1. 44 ∶ 1, and the incidence rate was 11. 30/ 100 000 for boys and 8. 08/ 100 000 for girls. The difference was significant (P<0. 05). The highest distribution was in children aged 5 ~ 6 years, with reported incidence being 230. 01/ 100 000. Conclusion The incidence of scarlet fever appears in periodical fashion in Jilin Province, and students and children at nursery are at high risks of infection. Prevalence of this infectious disease is most associated with winter and spring seasons, suggesting that prevention and control of scarlet fever in schools and nursery institutions as well as areas with high incidence should be strengthened in winter and spring seasons in order to control the spread of this infection.

Key words: Scarlet fever, Epidemiological characteristic, Surveillance, Jilin Province

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