热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 40-43.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.01.008

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2023年长沙市疟原虫实验室镜检能力分析

王苗苗(), 文岚, 张兵, 黄非凡, 张盼, 田斌()   

  1. 长沙市疾病预防控制中心,湖南 长沙 410004
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-05 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-03
  • 通信作者: 田斌 E-mail:1412765882@qq.com;20433031@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王苗苗,女,本科,检验技师,研究方向:寄生虫病检验。E-mail: 1412765882@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ9546)

Analysis of laboratory microscopic qualification in detecting Plasmodium in Changsha City from 2018 to 2023

WANG Miaomiao(), WEN Lan, ZHANG Bing, HUANG Feifan, ZHANG Pan, TIAN Bin()   

  1. Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-05 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-03
  • Contact: TIAN Bin E-mail:1412765882@qq.com;20433031@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解长沙市医疗机构与县级疾控机构在疟原虫镜检中的判定能力,为进一步提升疟原虫检测能力提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2018—2023年长沙市疟疾样本的虫种鉴定数据,并以省级复核结果为“金标准”,分析各级、各类实验室疟原虫虫种判定能力的差异。结果 2018—2023年,长沙市疾病预防控制中心复核并确认疟疾病例血样212份,同省级复核结果完全一致。212份血样中,检出恶性疟原虫143份、卵形疟原虫29份、间日疟原虫28份、三日疟原虫10份、混合感染2份。医疗机构和县级疾控机构虫种判定总体符合率分别为95.75%(203/212)和97.64%(207/212)。不同级别医疗机构间的虫种判定总体符合率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.61,P>0.05);医疗机构整体上对不同虫种的判定符合率差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.83,P<0.05),其中恶性疟原虫的判定符合率最高(99.30%),三日疟原虫判定符合率较低(80.00%),医疗机构未能判出2例混合感染。不同县级疾控机构间的虫种判定总体符合率的差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.76,P>0.05);县级疾控机构整体上对不同虫种判定符合率差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.01,P<0.05),其中恶性疟原虫的判定符合率较高(100.00%),三日疟原虫和混合感染的判定符合率较低,分别为80.00%(8/10)、50.00%(1/2)。结论 长沙市疟原虫实验室镜检能力仍需提升,建议对医疗机构和疾控机构的薄弱环节开展针对性强化培训和质量监督,提高实验室检测能力。

关键词: 疟原虫, 镜检, 医疗机构, 疾控机构, 长沙市

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the competence of laboratories in medical institutions and county-level Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in Changsha area in microscopic identification of Plasmodium species, so as to provide technical insights for improving the qualification in malaria diagnosis. Methods The data on Plasmodium species identification from 2018 to 2023 in Changsha area were collected via the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The results validated by provincial-level laboratories were used as “gold standard” to analyze the discrepancies in species identification accuracy across laboratories at lower levels. Results Between 2018 and 2023, a total of 212 malaria-positive blood samples delivered by lower level institutions in Changsha area were re-examined and confirmed by changsha CDC, which were completely consistent with the findings validated by provincial-level laboratories. Of the 212 samples, 143 cases were associated with Plasmodium falciparum, 29 with Plasmodium ovale, 28 with Plasmodium vivax, 10 with Plasmodium malariae, and 2 were mixed infections. The overall coincidence rate in species identification was 95.75% (203/212) for medical institutions and 97.64% (207/212) for county-level CDC laboratories. There was no significant difference in the overall coincidence rate of species identified by the medical institutions at different levels (χ2=1.61, P>0.05), yet was significant in specific species across medical institutions as a whole (χ2=50.83, P<0.05). The accuracy was the highest for P. falciparum (99.30%), and lower for P. malariae (80.00%), and all medical institutions failed to identify the two mixed infections. The difference in the overall coincidence rate of species identification among county-level CDC institutions was not statistically significant (χ2=2.76, P>0.05). However, there was a statistically significant difference in the coincidence rate of identification for specific species across county-level CDC institutions as a whole (χ2=37.01, P<0.05). The accuracy was 100.00% in identification of P. falciparum, 80.00%( 8/10) for P. malariae and 50.00%(1/2)) for mixed infections. Conclusion The qualification still needs improving in the laboratories in Changsha City in microscopy of Plasmodium. Targeted training and quality supervision for weaknesses in medical institutions and CDC laboratories are recommended to enhance the laboratory testing capabilities.

Key words: Plasmodium, Microscopy, Medical institution, CDC institution, Changsha City

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