热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 221-224.

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

岳阳市城区小学生血吸虫病防治健康教育现状调查

周瑞红1，周杰1，魏兰军1，张慧1，付静2，刘佳新1，张露1，喻亮清1，江英1，陈玲1，张咪1，张玲1   

  1. 1. 湖南省血吸虫病防治所，WHO湖区血吸虫病防治合作中心，血吸虫病免疫与传播控制湖南省重点实验室，国家临床重点专科，湖南岳阳414000； 2. 岳阳市岳阳楼区新路口小学
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-21 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 作者简介:周瑞红，女，硕士，主任护师，研究方向：血吸虫病临床护理与护理管理、科普教育。E-mail：243588550@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省科学技术厅科普专题项目（2021ZK4316）；湖南省重点研发计划项目（2021SK2032）

Investigation on the current situation of schistosomiasis health education in primary students in urban area of Yueyang City

ZHOU Rui-hong1, ZHOU Jie1, WEI Lan-jun1, ZHANG Hui1, FU Jing2, LIU Jia-xin1, ZHANG Lu1, YU Liang-qing1, JIANG Ying1, CHEN Ling1, ZHANG Mi1, ZHANG Ling1   

  1. 1. Hunan Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control; WHO Cooperation Center for Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention in Lake Region; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Immunization and Transmission Control; National Key Clinical Specialty, Yueyang 414000, Hunan Province, China;  2. Xinlukou Primary School of Yueyanglou District
  • Received:2022-04-21 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-31

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摘要： 目的 调查湖南省岳阳市城区小学生血吸虫病防治知识、行为现状及健康教育需求情况，为制定科学有效的小学生血吸虫病健康教育方案提供参考依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法，抽取岳阳市城区洞庭湖湖畔学校和中心城区学校各2所，每所再从五、六年级分别抽取2个班的学生，通过调查问卷了解小学生血吸虫病相关知识、预防行为及健康教育需求，并进行统计分析。结果 共调查湖畔小学353人、中心城区小学363人，两组学校小学生年龄、性别、年级构成差异无统计学意义（t=-0.494，χ2性别=1.615，χ2年级=2.152；P均>0.05）。学生血吸虫病防治知识总知晓率为42.60%（305/716），其中，湖畔学校小学生血防知识知晓率（52.97%）高于中心城区（32.51%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=30.661，P<0.05）；学生行为正确率为76.68%（549/716），血防知识知晓组行为正确率（81.31%）高于不知晓组（71.24%），差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.384，P<0.05）。学生血防知识主要来源于老师（47.49%）；91.90%的学生愿意了解更多的血防知识，最喜欢的血防知识学习方式是参加课外活动（50.42%）。结论 岳阳市城区小学生的血防知识知晓率及行为正确率偏低，对血吸虫病防治健康教育需求较高。建议针对学生开展形式多样的血防健康教育，以增强学生的血吸虫病防护意识，提高自我防护能力。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 知识, 行为, 健康教育, 小学生

Abstract: Objective To investigate the current situation of knowledge and behavior towards schistosomiasis prevention and health education needs in students from the primary schools in urban area of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, so as to provide evidence for formulating scientific and effective health education program on schistosomiasis prevention in the primary school students. Methods By stratified cluster sampling, students from four classes were recruited from grade 5 and 6 from two schools, respectively, in the urban area and around the Lake of Yueyang City, and underwent questionnaire survey for the relevant knowledge and behavior towards schistosomiasis prevention as well as health education needs. Then the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 353 pupils from primary schools located near the Dongting Lake and 363 pupils in the urban center of Yueyang City underwent the survey. There was no significant difference in the age, gender and grades between students from the two schools (t=-0.494, χ2gender=1.615, χ2grade=2.152, both P>0.05). The total knowledge awareness rate of schistosomiasis prevention and control was 42.60% (305/716), and was higher in pupils from the schools located near the Dongting Lake than those from the school in urban center (52.97% vs. 32.51%, χ2=30.661, P<0.05).The total rate of correct preventive behavior was 76.68% (549/716), and the correct rate was higher in students with better knowledge towards schistosomiasis prevention and control than those with poorer awareness (81.31% vs. 71.24%, χ2=6.384, P<0.05).Students' knowledge of schistosomiasis control mostly was from their teachers (47.49%). 91.90% of students were willing to learn more about the knowledge of schistosomiasis control, and their favorite way to learn the knowledge of schistosomiasis prevention and control was to participate in extracurricular activities (50.42%). Conclusion The rate of overall knowledge and preventive behavior towards schistosomiasis prevention and control appears relatively lower in the pupils in Yueyang City, which suggests that it is necessary to improve the health education on schistosomiasis prevention in the students through different means in order to enhance students' awareness of schistosomiasis control and improve their ability in self-protection. 

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Knowledge, Behavior, Health education, Primary students 

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