Abstract: Objective     To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the residents in Anqing City on schistosomiasis prevention and control, and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide evidences for health education on prevention and control of this parasitic infection. Methods     Local residents were selected from the three endemic counties (districts) in Anqing City by simple random sampling, and surveyed on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of schistosomiasis prevention and control by questionnaire response via on-line Credamo platform. Then the results were statistically analyzed. Results     The total rate of knowledge, correct attitude and correct behavior of schistosomiasis prevention and control was 84.33%, 91.54% and 76.25%, respectively，there were significant differences in awareness rate of knowledge among participants of different occupational groups and genders (χ2=11.549, 57.459；all P < 0.05)，and with no significant difference among participants of different epidemic areas, age groups, genders, educational background (all P < 0.05).There was also no significant difference in the correct rate of attitude and behavior of blood control among population of different epidemic areas, age groups, genders, education status and occupations (all P > 0.05). Conclusion     The overall rate of knowledge appears relatively higher, and the attitudes are general positive on schistosomiasis prevention and control among residents in the endemic areas in Anqing City, yet development of correct behavior for prevention and control of this parasitic infection needs improving. Following work should target at strengthening health education on the living behavior of residents, especially in residents with frequent contact with the infested water as well as school students and college students.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Knowledge-attitude-practice, Anqing City