Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology ›› 2024, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 147-151.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.03.004

• TOPICS FOR HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Trend analysis of the prevalence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Heilongjiang Province from 2018 to 2023

TIAN Yuwen1,2(), SHEN Jichuan3(), GAO Fei1, MA Tao2, HU Quanbo1, SUO Jianing1, YUAN Shuang1   

  1. 1. Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin 1500,30, Heilongjiang Province, China
    2. Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Programme, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
    3. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Received:2024-03-18 Online:2024-06-20 Published:2024-06-28
  • Contact: SHEN Jichuan, E-mail: shenjic@163.com

Abstract:

Objective To understand the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the infection status of rodent hosts in Heilongjiang Province for scientific basis in the development and adjustment of related prevention and control measures for HFRS. Methods The data on HFRS cases in Heilongjiang Province from 2018 to 2023 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and data on vaccination and rodent host surveillance were obtained from Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Then all data were analyzed regarding the temporal, regional and demographic distribution of HFRS, vaccination status, the infection rate in rodent hosts and the virulence index of rats. Results In total, 5 233 HFRS cases and 34 deaths were reported in Heilongjiang Province from 2018 to 2023, with annual reported incidence of 1.60/100 000 to 3.50/100 000, which showed a decreasing trend in general (χ2trend=18.97, P<0.01). The average annual reported incidence was 2.47/100 000, and the average annual reported mortality was 0.02/100 000. The number of vaccine doses increased year by year in 2019-2022, with a slight decrease in 2023. Of the reported cases, 4 031 were males, and 1 202 females. The incidence was 3.79/100 000 and 1.14/100 000, respectively. The highest number of reported cases (1 386 cases) and incidence (3.54/100 000) were seen in population aged 50-59 years by age group, and farmers have the highest proportion of occupations (3 170 cases, 60.58%). The reported cases demonstrated a seasonal "bimodal" distribution, with the main peak occurring from October to December (2 628 cases, 50.22%) and the sub-peak appearing in May (471 cases, 9.00%). The top five regions with the highest incidence were involved in Shuangyashan City (5.68/100 000), Heihe City (5.54/100 000), Jixi City (4.76/100 000), Hegang City (4.40/100 000) and Jiamusi City (4.34/100 000). FlexScan spatial clustering scanning showed that Shuangyashan City, Heihe City, Jixi City, Hegang City, Jiamusi City, Mudanjiang City, Qiqihar City and Yichun City were classified as type A clustering area. Host monitoring showed that the density of mice was 7.12%. The average annual virus carrying rate, infection rate and virus carrying index of mice were 7.11%, 7.16% and 7.05, respectively. Conclusion The incidence rate of HFRS in Heilongjiang Province demonstrated a downward trend from 2018 to 2023, yet the situation of prevention and control still remains serious. In the future, there is still a need to strengthen the health education and preventive vaccination in the high-risk population, as well as to scale up and improve the monitoring of rodent hosts, so as to raise the monitoring and early-warning capacity for HFRS.

Key words: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Host animals, Epidemiological trends, Heilongjiang Province

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