热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 78-81.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.02.004

• 结核病控制专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2018—2021年全国流动人口肺结核流行特征分析

胡冬梅(), 徐彩红(), 赵雁林   

  1. 中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心，北京102206
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-28 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-05-03
  • 通信作者: 徐彩红，E-mail: xuch@chinacdc.cn
  • 作者简介:胡冬梅，女，硕士，副研究员，研究方向：结核病防控。E-mail: hudm@chinacdc.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政结核病预防控制项目结核业务日常运转(238711)

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among floating population in China from 2018 to 2021

HU Dong-mei(), XU Cai-hong(), ZHAO Yan-lin   

  1. National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2023-03-28 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-05-03
  • Contact: XU Cai-hong, E-mail: xuch@chinacdc.cn

RichHTML

11

PDF (PC)

276

摘要：

目的 分析全国流动人口肺结核的流行特征，为制定我国流动人口结核病控制策略提供依据。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统结核病管理信息系统导出2018年1月1日—2021年12月31日全国肺结核患者病案信息，筛选出流动人口肺结核患者，并对其人口学特征、患者来源、报告时间等进行分析。结果 2018—2021年全国共报告流动人口肺结核患者268 927例，历年报告患者数分别为79 362、76 188、70 749、42 628例。男性报告176 997例，女性91 930例，性别比为1.93∶1。报告患者数最多的年龄组为25~34岁（66 471例，占24.72%）。患者数最高的职业是农民，其次是家务及待业，分别为90 243例（占33.56%）和64 924例（占24.14%）；2018—2021年农民的构成比呈下降趋势（χ2趋势=1 109.94，P<0.05），家务及待业呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=1 180.47，P<0.05）。2月的报告患者数最少（13 692例，占5.09%），4月最多（27 465例，占10.21%）。患者主要来自转诊、因症就诊和追踪，分别占43.31%（116 468/268 927）、28.63%（76 996/268 927）和24.10%（64 802/268 927），其中2018—2021年因症就诊和转诊患者构成比呈上升趋势（χ2趋势=12.298、135.446，P均<0.05），追踪呈下降趋势（χ2趋势=247.449，P<0.05）。省间流动肺结核患者数前5位的省份是广东、浙江、上海、北京和江苏，占省间流动报告总数的66.95%（86 987/129 923）。结论 近年来，我国流动人口肺结核报告患者以男性、中青年为主，职业以农民和家务及待业居多，且存在地区分布差异，疫情形势不容忽视，应针对重点人群、重点区域制定相应的防控策略。

关键词: 肺结核, 流动人口, 流行特征

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among the floating population in China for evidence to plan control strategies for tuberculosis in the floating population in China. Methods The medical record data of pulmonary tuberculosis patients were initially retrieved through the Tuberculosis Management Information System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, and then the floating population with pulmonary tuberculosis were screened and analyzed concerning their demographic characteristics, source of the cases identified, and reporting time, etc. Results From 2018 to 2021, a total of 268 927 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in the floating population nationwide. The reported number was 79 362, 76 188, 70 749 and 42 628, respectively in each year. 176 997 of the patients were males, and 91 930 females, with a sex ratio of 1.93∶1. The age group with the highest number of reported cases is 25 to 34 years old (66 471,24.72%). By occupation, the number of cases was the highest in farmers, followed by population in household (90 243, 33.56%) and unemployment (64 924， 24.14%). The proportion of farmers in each year of the reported cases showed downward trend (χ2trend=1 109.94, P<0.05), whereas upward trend in household workers and the unemployed (χ2trend=1 180.47, P<0.05). The minimum number of reported cases was in February (13 692, 5.09%), and the maximum was in April (27 465, 10.21%). The cases were mainly identified from referrals, self-referral due to symptom and follow-up, accounting for 43.31% (116 468/268 927), 28.63% (76 996/268 927), and 24.10% (64 802/268 927), respectively. The proportion showed an upward trend in the cases identified from self-referral due to symptom and referral, yet downward trend in follow-up (χ2trend=12.298, 135.446, 247.449, all P<0.05). The pulmonary tuberculosis cases identified among inter-provincial floating population were mainly involved in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing and Jiangsu, which accounted for 66.95% (86 987/129 923) of the total number of the cases reported in inter-provincial mobile reports. Conclusion In recent years, the reported cases of tuberculosis among the floating population in China are primarily seen in male, middle-aged and young people, farmers, household workers and the unemployed. And there are differences in regional distribution. The findings suggest that the situation of epidemic prevention and control cannot be optimistic, and corresponding prevention and control strategies should be formulated by targeting at the key population and regions.

Key words: Pulmonary tuberculosis, Floating population, Epidemiological characteristics

中图分类号: