热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 296-300.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.05.008

• 实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

马六甲肉食螨成虫共生微生物多样性分析

李敏洁1,2(), 吴毅强3, 廖师夷1,2, 杨宇哲3, 洪钰婕3, 谢云峰1,2, 吴安云3, 刘佳1,2(), 孙恩涛3()   

  1. 1.营养健康与食品安全北京市重点实验室，中粮营养健康研究院有限公司，北京 102209
    2.国贸食品科学研究院有限公司
    3.皖南医学院检验学院
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-03 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 刘佳，E-mail: liujiajia1@cofco.com；孙恩涛，E-mail: asdentao@126.com
  • 作者简介:李敏洁，女，博士，工程师，研究方向：食品质量与安全。E-mail: liminjie@cofco.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31870352)

Diversity of symbiotic microbiota of adult Cheyletus malaccensis

LI Minjie1,2(), WU Yiqiang3, LIAO Shiyi1,2, YANG Yuzhe3, HONG Yujie3, XIE Yunfeng1,2, WU Anyun3, LIU Jia1,2(), SUN Entao3()   

  1. 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition Health and Food Safety, Nutrition & Health Research Institute Co., Ltd., COFCO Corporation, Beijing 102209, China
    2. International Trade Food Science Research Institute Co., Ltd.
    3. School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College
  • Received:2025-04-03 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: 李敏洁，女，博士，工程师，研究方向：食品质量与安全。E-mail: liminjie@cofco.com

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摘要：

目的 阐明马六甲肉食螨成虫共生微生物结构组成和多样性，为马六甲肉食螨规模化繁育及在仓储场所的应用提供生物学资料。方法 马六甲肉食螨样本于2022年采自安徽省芜湖市某农户粮仓的储藏物，经形态学鉴定后进行纯培养。提取马六甲肉食螨成虫DNA，对其共生细菌16S rRNA V4区和真菌ITS1序列进行扩增及高通量测序分析，统计共生微生物的操作分类单元（operational taxonomic units, OTUs）数量，分析其共生微生物结构组成及多样性。结果 获得马六甲肉食螨共生细菌16S rRNA V4区和真菌ITS1的有效序列190 788条和201 736条，聚类分别得到469个和270个OTUs。细菌分属27个门、50个纲、119个目、200个科和337个属；真菌共鉴定到4个门、18个纲、41个目、85个科和137个属。在门水平分类上，细菌的主要门类为假单胞菌门（Pseudomonadota）、疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobiota）和芽孢杆菌门（Bacillota），丰度分别为45.23%、20.98%和16.42%；真菌则主要属于子囊菌门（Ascomycota），丰度为93.86%。在属水平分类上，细菌的优势属为伊扎基氏菌属（Izhakiella）、Candidatus Fritschea和Candidatus Cardinium，丰度分别为35.62%、20.95%和13.12%；真菌的优势属为曲霉属（Aspergillus）、枝顶孢属（Acremonium）和肉座菌目未确定属（Indeterminate genus of Hypocreales），丰度分别为32.11%、14.72%和11.20%。Alpha多样性分析结果表明，马六甲肉食螨成虫共生细菌和真菌多样性丰富。结论 本研究揭示了马六甲肉食螨成虫共生微生物的群落结构和多样性，可为马六甲肉食螨大规模人工饲养扩繁技术提供理论支撑。

关键词: 马六甲肉食螨, 高通量测序, 共生微生物, 多样性

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the composition and diversity of the symbiotic microorganisms of adult Cheyletus malaccensis for biological data for large-scale breeding of Cheyletus malaccensis and its application in biological control of stored grain pests. Methods Specimens of C. malaccensis were captured in 2022 from the stored grain in a farm granary in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, and purely cultivated after morphological identification. Then total DNA was extracted from adult mites, and subjected to high-throughput sequencing at the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and the ITS1 region of fungal. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of symbiotic microorganisms were annotated, and their community composition and diversity were systematically analyzed. Results A total of 190 788 valid sequences at V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and 20 1736 valid sequences at ITS1 region of fungal were obtained, which were clustered into 469 and 270 OTUs, respectively. The bacterial sequences fell into 27 phyla, 50 classes, 119 orders, 200 families and 337 genera, while the fungal sequences were assigned to 4 phyla, 18 classes, 41 orders, 85 families, and 137 genera. At the phylum level, the dominant bacterial groups were Pseudomonadota (45.23%), Verrucomicrobiota (20.98%) and Bacillota (16.42%), whereas Ascomycota (93.86%) was the predominant fungal phylum. At the genus level, the most abundant bacterial genera were Izhakiella (35.62%), Candidatus Fritschea (20.95%) and Candidatus Cardinium (13.12%). The dominant fungal genera were Aspergillus (32.11%), Acremonium (14.72%) and an indeterminate genus within Hypocreales (11.20%). Alpha diversity analysis indicated the bacteria and fungi are diverse associated with adult C. malaccensis. Conclusion This study revealed the compositional structure and high diversity of the symbiotic bacteria and fungi associated with adult C. malaccensis, which can provide theoretical basis and propagation technology for artificial rearing of C. malaccensisin large scale.

Key words: Cheyletus malaccensis, High-throughput sequencing, Symbiotic microorganisms, Diversity

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