Abstract:

Objective To understand the prevalence status of insomnia, anxiety and depression, and explore the factors affecting the prevalence in medical staff in Shenzhen City during prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. Methods By multi-stage sampling method, we initially included 7 public hospitals in Shenzhen area, and then the eligible medical personnel were recruited as study subjects by convenient sampling between May 10 and August 10 of 2022. Cross-sectional study was conducted in the participants using Athens insomnia scale (AIS), generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire-7 (GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for the status of insomnia, anxiety and depression. SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used to analyze data for multivariate logistics regression. Results A total of 1 050 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 007 valid questionnaires were collected. The statistics indicated that 552 (54.8%), 555 (55.1%) and 541 (53.7%) had insomnia, anxiety and depression, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that bachelor degree (OR=1.733, 95% CI: 1.236-2.429) and continuous work for 1 week, 2 weeks, or more without shift (OR=1.789, 1.883, 2.928; 95% CI: 1.271-2.518, 1.158-3.060, 2.058-4.166, respectively) were risk factors for insomnia in the medical staff. Female (OR=1.584, 95% CI: 1.165-2.154), bachelor degree, graduate degree or above (OR=1.796, 1.755; 95% CI:1.270-2.539, 1.075-2.865, respectively), working life ≤ 10 years (OR=1.759, 95% CI: 1.089-2.843), working in frontline (OR=1.474, 95% CI: 1.093-1.987) and working continuously for 1 week, 2 weeks or more without shift (OR=1.730, 1.879, 2.481; 95% CI: 1.221-2.451, 1.148-3.074, 1.741-3.536, respectively) were the risks for anxiety. The risk factors for depression were associated with bachelor degree, graduate degree or above (OR=2.376, 1.859; 95% CI: 1.688-3.343, 1.164-2.969, respectively) and the working shift persisting for 1 week, 2 weeks or more (OR=1.465, 1.718, 2.177; 95% CI: 1.040-2.063, 1.054-2.803, 1.539-3.079, respectively). Exercise (OR=0.760, 0.783, 0.572; 95% CI: 0.584-0.989, 0.597-0.926, 0.439-0.744) was a protective factor for insomnia, anxiety and depression in medical staff. Conclusion During the normalization period of COVID-19 epidemic, the probability of insomnia, anxiety and depression was higher in the medical staff in Shenzhen City. The findings suggest that comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to mitigate insomnia and psychological abnormalities of medical staff.

Key words: COVID-19 epidemic, Medical staff, Insomnia, Anxiety, Depression, Shenzhen City