Analysis of the epidemic trend of hand, foot and mouth disease in China after COVID-19 as a category B disease

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and changes of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in China after COVID-19 ranked as category B disease for evidence in scientific prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to address the incidence and the composition of each enterovirus serotype of HFMD in China from January to June, 2023, and the results were compared with the corresponding findings in 2017-2019 and 2020-2022. Moving epidemic method (MEM) was used to estimate the epidemic intensity of HFMD reported from January to June, 2023 in China. Results From January to June, 2023, a total of 557 940 cases of HFMD were reported. The reported incidence was 39.68 /100 000, which was lower than the average incidence reported in the corresponding period of 2017-2019 (64.97/100 000), yet higher than the average incidence reported in the same period of 2020-2022 (26.37/100 000). The peak of the HFMD incidence in 2023 was delayed compared to the trends in previous years. The number of cases was rapidly increased after the 20^th week, and reached a very high epidemic level by the 26^th week. From January to June, 2023, the proportion of enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), coxasckievirus A16 (CV-A16) and other enterovirus in laboratory-diagnosed cases was 14.31% (4 694/32 804), 12.18% (3 995/32 804) and 73.51% (24 115/32 804), respectively. Compared with the average level of the same period in 2017-2019 and 2020-2022, the proportion of EV-A71 and CV-A16 decreased, while the proportion of other enterovirus increased. MEM evaluation results showed that the prevalence intensity of HFMD was higher in the south China than in the north, among which Guangdong remained at a very high epidemic level, whereas Jiangxi and Hunan were at medium epidemic level. Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei, Chongqing and Zhejiang were at lower epidemic level. Conclusion In 2023, the incidence peak of HFMD in spring and summer in China moved backward, and the peak of this disease in the country exceeds the pre-pandemic level, and the epidemic peak in southern provinces was earlier than that in northern provinces, for which we suggest that all provinces should closely monitor the dynamic changes of the local epidemic by conducting epidemic analysis and risk assessment.

Key words: Hand, foot and mouth disease, Epidemic trend, COVID-19, Monitoring and warning

CLC Number:

R512.5

ZHANG Yutong, SONG Yang, LIU Fengfeng, DING Fan, LIU Yanzhe, CHANG Zhaorui. Analysis of the epidemic trend of hand, foot and mouth disease in China after COVID-19 as a category B disease[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2023, 21(4): 186-190,227.

Figures/Tables 7

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时间	病例数（例）	发病率（/10万）	重症数（例）	死亡数（例）
2023年1—6月	557 940	39.68	225	1
2020—2022年同期平均	370 832	26.37	345	3
2017—2019年同期平均	901 710	64.97	3 202	36

时间	实验室确诊病例数（例）	不同血清型病例数及构成比[n（%）]
时间	实验室确诊病例数（例）	EV-A71	CV-A16	其他肠道病毒
2023年1—6月	32 804	4 694（14.31）	3 995（12.18）	24 115（73.51）
2020—2022年同期平均	25 387	4 624（18.22）	7 223（28.45）	13 540（53.33）
2017—2019年同期平均	55 992	16 771（29.95）	14 606（26.09）	24 615（43.96）