Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of antiviral treatment of advanced schistosomiasis patients with ascites and hepatitis B for further standardizing the clinical treatment protocol. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 117 patients of advanced schistosomiasis with ascites concomitant with hepatitis B, admitted to and treated in 2018 in the National Key Clinical Specialty of Schistosomiasis of Xiangyue Hospital affiliated to Hunan Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control. All patients were followed up. Results Of the 117 cases of advanced schistosomiasis with hepatitis B, 85 were males and 32 females. The patients aged from 33 to 86 years old, with an average of (53. 99 ± 11. 46) years. Seventy-one (60. 7% ) received antiviral therapy, in whom 48 were treated with adefovir dipivoxil and 44 with virological response. Drug resistance occurred in 2 patients, and death occurred in another 2 from upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Virological response was achieved in the 23 patients treated by entecavir. Forty-six patients did not receive antiviral treatment due to economic reasons and failure of compliance with long-term treatment course. Conclusion The proportion of advanced schistosomiasis with ascites and hepatitis B is high, and standardized anti-hepatitis B treatment should be strengthened.

Key words: Advanced schistosomiasis, Ascites, Hepatitis B, Antiviral therapy