Abstract: Objective To report and analyze the epidemic status of schistosomiasis in Hunan Province in 2018 for corresponding counter measures in the disease prevention and control. Methods The data of schistosomiasis prevalence were collected in Hunan Province in 2018, and statistically analyzed. Results By the end of 2018, schistosomiasis was epidemic in 280 townships and 2 415 villages(communities) in the 42 counties( districts) under the 7 administrative cities. Of the 41 endemic counties(districts), 18 had reached the criteria of transmission control, 13 transmission interruption and 10 elimina- tion. Blood test in 1. 093 million people revealed positive results in 31 295(2. 86%), and stool examination in 33 216 subjects demonstrated zero infection in 2018. There were a total of 5 034 patients with advanced schistosomiasis, yet acute schistosomiasis was absent. Totally, 91 891 heads of cattle were being raised in schistosomiasis epidemic areas in Hunan Province. Blood test in 43 000 and fecal test in 40 872 bovines carried out in 2018 showed no infection. In 2018, snail sur- vey was performed in 91 710. 07 hm² , in which 61 263. 69 hm2 was identified with snail prevalence(66. 80% ). However, no infectious snails, and no newly emerging snail area were found in Hunan in 2018. Current areas with snails were 173 084. 53 hm² in Hunan, consisting of the lake and marsh, and hilly environment in respective 172 184. 97 hm² and 899. 56 hm² . No water-net areas were involved. By the end of 2018, no acute schistosomiasis cases or infectious snails were reported since in the past 5 consecutive years. Conclusion Schistosomiasis tends to decline across Hunan province, yet the risk of local transmission still exists, which suggests that consolidated prevention and surveillance measures are necessary to eventually arrive at the goal of interruption and elimination.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Epidemic situation, Hunan Province