Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence status of schistosomiasis in Hubei Province through analyzing the surveillance data generated from 2015 to 2019 for guidelines in following monitoring tasks. Methods In compliance with the Scheme of Schistosomiasis Surveillance in Hubei Province(2015 edition), we carried out monitoring in regular manner as well as surveillance on the specific sites and risk monitoring in 207 areas under the 13 administrative cities across the province.  The surveillance consisted of local residents, floating population, infection status in livestock and snails. The surveillance data in each year were analyzed. Results Positive rate of blood test was decreased from 2. 75% ( 4 470 / 173 558) in 2015 to 2. 09% (2 169 / 103 885) in 2019 in local residents, and infection rate of local residents was fallen to 0 in 2019 from 0. 07% (120 / 173 558) in 2015. No acute infection occurred in the five years of period. The positive rate of blood test in floating population was decreased from 1. 06% (98 / 9 249) in 2015 to 0. 79% (100 / 12 602) in 2019, and the infection rate was 0. 02% (2 / 9 249) in 2015, and dropped to 0 in the remaining 4 years. From 2015 to 2019, a total of 7 880 heads of livestock, in which 5 325 were cattle, underwent schistosomiasis screening. The results showed no infection. During the past five years, a total area of 94 297. 8 hm2 was investigated, which revealed an area of 34 263. 05 hm2 with snails. A total of 876 392 live snails were captured, and no infectious snails were found. The average density of live snails was decreased from 0. 291 5 / frame to 0. 124 1 / frame, and the occurrence rate of snails was fallen from 9. 54% in 2015 to 6. 19% in 2019. Totally, 2 035 aliquots of wild feces were tested, indicated no positive results. A total of 49 water areas were monitored for snail distribution, and 6 942 kg of flotsam obtained demonstrated absence of snail attachment. Risk monitoring on 252 sites with snails revealed 12 areas at level I risk by positive findings in the wild feces. Conclusion Schistosomiasis prevalence tended to decline in Hubei Province from 2015 through 2019, and the endemic status remained at the lowest level in history. However, transmission risks are still higher in some areas, and strengthened efforts are needed in controlling the cattle being raised.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Oncomelania hupensis , Surveillance, Hubei Province