Abstract: In 2019, Anhui Province qualified for the national malaria elimination assessment, which signifies a new historical stage for malaria prevention and control in Anhui. This article aims at reviewing the history of malaria epidemic and the course of prevention and control efforts in Anhui Province since the founding of the People's Republic of China with regard to the epidemic characteristics, prevention and control strategies as well as implemented specific control measures for malaria in four chronological stages.

Key words: Malaria, Epidemic trend, Control and prevention measures, Anhui Province