Bioactivity screening and component analysis of highly active plant essential oil against Culex pipiens pallens

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.02.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To screen a plant essential oil with high biological activity against both larvae and adults of Culex pipiens pallens to obtain essential oil component with biological activity against Cx. pipiens pallens. Methods The insecticidal activity of 19 kinds of plant essential oil against Cx. pipiens pallens larvae was determined by liquid culture method, the fumigation activity to female adult mosquitoes of essential oil with 24-hour mortality over 50.00% in larval toxicity test was determined by closed triangular flask fumigation method. Then the essential oil with high activity against both larva and adult mosquitoes was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The essential oil extracted from Allium fistulosum and Lantana camara had good activity against the third instar larvae of Cx. pipiens pallens. At the test concentration of 80 μg/mL, the mortality rate of mosquito larvae within 24 h reached as high as 100.00%. The activity of Cyperus rotundus, Santalum album, Cinnamomum cassia and Cedrus deodara essential oil ranked the second on the candidate list, leading to the 24 h mortality rates of mosquito larvae being 91.67%, 91.67%, 88.33% and 83.33%, respectively. Fumigation test for the mosquitos using the 6 essential candidates described above revealed that the fumigation activity of A. fistulosum, Ce. deodara and Cy. rotundus was better, with median knockdown time (KT₅₀) values being 5.31 min, 8.60 min and 9.49 min, respectively. GC-MS analysis was conducted on the components of A. fistulosum, Ce. deodara and Cy. rotundus, which had high activity against larvae and adult mosquitoes. The results showed that 32, 62 and 48 components were identified in A. fistulosum, Cy. rotundus and Ce. deodara essential oil, respectively. The extracted essential oil components were composed of hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, ketones, acids, phenols, ester and other compounds. Conclusion The essential oil of Allium fistulosum, Cy. rotundus and Ce. deodara is potential value in control of vector mosquitoes, because it possesses high toxic activity against both larvae and adults of Cx. pipiens pallens.

Key words: Essential oil, Culex pipiens pallens, Toxic activity, Fumigation activity, Component analysis

CLC Number:

R384.1

LEI Jingjing, LI Yaping, LOU Ziwei, ZANG Chuanhui, CHENG Peng, GONG Maoqing, LIU Lijuan. Bioactivity screening and component analysis of highly active plant essential oil against Culex pipiens pallens[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2024, 22(2): 97-101.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Figure 1

References 28

[1]	Cook CL, Huang YS, Lyons AC, et al. North American Culex pipiens and Culex quinquefasciatus are competent vectors for Usutu virus[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2018, 12(8):e0006732.
[2]	de Wispelaere M, Desprès P, Choumet V. European Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens are competent vectors for Japanese encephalitis virus[J]. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2017, 11(1):e0005294.
[3]	Scott JG, Yoshimizu MH, Kasai S. Pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens mosquitoes[J]. Pestic Biochem Physiol, 2015, 120:68-76.
[4]	Lawler SP. Environmental safety review of methoprene and bacterially-derived pesticides commonly used for sustained mosquito control[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf, 2017, 139:335-343.
[5]	Tudi M, Daniel Ruan H, Wang L, et al. Agriculture development, pesticide application and its impact on the environment[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021, 18(3):1112.
[6]	Ravula AR, Yenugu S. Pyrethroid based pesticides - chemical and biological aspects[J]. Crit Rev Toxicol, 2021, 51(2):117-140.
[7]	郝蕙玲, 代浩. 植物精油在卫生杀虫中的应用与挑战[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械, 2019, 25(3):284-288.
[8]	唐小文. 植物精油防控蚊的研究进展[J]. 云南化工, 2019, 46(5):15-17.
[9]	Chansang A, Champakaew D, Junkum A, et al. Synergy in the adulticidal efficacy of essential oils for the improvement of permethrin toxicity against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2018, 11(1):417.
[10]	Norris EJ, Johnson JB, Gross AD, et al. Plant essential oils enhance diverse pyrethroids against multiple strains of mosquitoes and inhibit detoxification enzyme processes[J]. Insects, 2018, 9(4):132.
[11]	Rants’o TA, Koekemoer LL, Panayides JL, et al. Potential of essential oil-based anticholinesterase insecticides against Anopheles vectors: a review[J]. Molecules, 2022, 27(20):7026.
[12]	王趁, 苟祎, 范汝艳, 等. 驱蚊植物的民族植物学研究进展[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2018, 29(5):530-538. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.05.030
[13]	张洁, 刘辉, 王晓娥. 5种植物精油对淡色库蚊的生物活性研究[J]. 中华卫生杀虫药械, 2019, 25(5):421-424.
[14]	江志利. 植物精油杀虫作用及制剂研究[D]. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学, 2013.
[15]	李海龙, 张桂林, 党荣理, 等. 应用SPSS软件进行杀虫剂的KT₅₀分析[J]. 中国媒介生物学及控制杂志, 2011, 22(2):155-157.
[16]	陈平雁, 黄浙明. IBM SPSS 19统计软件应用教程[M]. 2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2012.
[17]	Asiry KA. Acetone extracts of three selected plants induce toxicological and biological effects against the house mosquito,Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)[J]. J Vector Ecol, 2022, 47(1):1-8.
[18]	Udappusamy V, Mohan H, Thinagaran R. Lantana camara L. essential oil mediated nano-emulsion formulation for biocontrol application: anti-mosquitocidal, anti-microbial and antioxidant assay[J]. Arch Microbiol, 2022, 204(7):388. doi: 10.1007/s00203-022-02975-x pmid: 35697887
[19]	扶巧梅, 彭映辉, 熊国红, 等. 2种松科植物精油对蚊虫的毒杀作用[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2010, 30(9):145-147,156.
[20]	Huy Hung N, Dai DN, Satyal P, et al. Lantana camara essential oils from Vietnam: chemical composition, molluscicidal, and mosquito larvicidal activity[J]. Chem Biodivers, 2021, 18(5):e2100145.
[21]	王照国, 杨雪, 余帅, 等. 6种植物精油对黑腹果蝇行为影响及活性成分研究[J]. 植物保护, 2021, 47(5):204-209.
[22]	庞博, 赵远, 张欢欢, 等. 藏葱的成分分析和提取物对蚜虫的灭杀效果研究[J]. 西藏农业科技, 2020, 42(4):57-60.
[23]	扶巧梅, 彭映辉, 熊国红, 等. 两种松科植物精油对蚊虫的熏杀活性及其化学成分分析[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2013, 29(3):370-375.
[24]	陈伟, 吴华, 马志卿, 等. 三十六种植物精油对淡色库蚊的熏蒸活性评价[J]. 昆虫学报, 2018, 61(1):86-93. doi: 10.16380/j.kcxb.2018.01.010
[25]	Aungtikun J, Soonwera M. Improved adulticidal activity against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) from synergy between Cinnamomum spp. essential oils[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1):4685. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84159-z pmid: 33633308
[26]	付臣臣, 万涛, 江志利, 等. 41种植物精油对淡色库蚊的熏蒸活性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2013, 56(7):779-785.
[27]	马卫宾, 冯俊涛, 马志卿, 等. 冬青油与肉桂油对淡色库蚊的生物活性[J]. 昆虫学报, 2013, 56(12):1391-1396.
[28]	李铁纯, 侯冬岩, 刁全平. 两种方法提取大葱挥发油的GC-MS分析[J]. 鞍山师范学院学报, 2022, 24(4):45-48.

科	属	种
百合科	葱属	大葱（Allium fistulosum）
唇形科	刺蕊草属	广藿香（Pogostemon cablin）
大麻科	葎草属	葎草（Humulus scandens）
冬青科	冬青属	冬青（Ilex chinensis）
菊科	蒲公英属	蒲公英（Taraxacum mongolicum）
菊科	向日葵属	葵花（Helianthus annuus）
菊科	飞机草属	飞机草（Chromolaena odorata）
菊科	蒿属	艾叶（Artemisia argyi）
马鞭草科	牡荆属	蔓荆子（Fructus viticis）
马鞭草科	马缨丹属	马樱丹（Lantana camara）
马兜铃科	细辛属	细辛（Asarum heterotropoides）
木兰科	玉兰属	望春花（Yulania denudata）
木犀科	素馨属	茉莉（Jasminum sambac）
蔷薇科	蔷薇属	玫瑰（Rosa rugosa）
莎草科	莎草属	香附（Cyperus rotundus）
松科	雪松属	雪松（Cedrus deodara）
檀香科	檀香属	檀香（Santalum album）
芸香科	黄皮属	黄皮（Clausena lansium）
樟科	樟属	肉桂（Cinnamomum cassia）

供试精油	第一组		第二组		第三组		平均死亡率（%）
供试精油	死亡数（只）	死亡率（%）	死亡数（只）	死亡率（%）	死亡数（只）	死亡率（%）	平均死亡率（%）
马樱丹	20	100.00	20	100.00	20	100.00	100.00
大葱	20	100.00	20	100.00	20	100.00	100.00
香附	19	95.00	18	90.00	18	90.00	91.67
檀香	17	85.00	19	95.00	19	95.00	91.67
肉桂	17	85.00	17	85.00	19	95.00	88.33
雪松	16	80.00	17	85.00	17	85.00	83.33
蒲公英	8	40.00	6	30.00	10	50.00	40.00
葵花	6	30.00	8	40.00	7	35.00	35.00
望春花	7	35.00	6	30.00	3	15.00	26.67
葎草	5	25.00	4	20.00	4	20.00	21.67
细辛	4	20.00	2	10.00	2	10.00	13.33
冬青	0	0	2	10.00	1	5.00	5.00
飞机草	1	5.00	0	0	0	0	1.67
广藿香	0	0	1	5.00	0	0	1.67
黄皮	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
玫瑰	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
茉莉	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
艾叶	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
蔓荆子	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

精油	回归方程	KT₅₀（95%CI）（min）	χ²值	P值
大葱	y=-3.89+5.36x	5.31（5.02，5.95）	1 326.098	<0.05
雪松	y=-5.09+5.45x	8.60（8.22，8.98）	10.179	>0.05
香附	y=-5.03+5.15x	9.49（8.70，10.30）	49.147	>0.05
肉桂	y=-4.34+3.68x	15.25（13.60，16.93）	164.957	<0.05
马樱丹	y=-6.64+4.61x	27.65（26.44，28.99）	7.286	<0.05

精油	保留时间（min）	化合物	相对含量（%）	物质数字识别号码	分子式
香附精油	8.62	6，7-二氮杂三环[3.2.1.02，4]辛-6-烯，8，8-二甲基-（1α，2α，4α，5α）-（9CI）	14.99	109746-10-3	C₈H₁₂N₂
	9.61	1，3-丁二烯基-，（E）-环丁烷	13.94	80344-48-5	C₈H₁₂
	9.14	5-丁基-1，3-环己二烯	8.14	30168-57-1	C₁₀H₁₆
大葱精油	14.85	3-乙烯基-1，2-二二环己基-4-烯	10.93	62488-52-2	C₆H₈S₂
	15.15	1，2，3-三硫基-4-环己烯	9.13	290-30-2	C₃H₄S₃
	8.23	1，2-二硫代环戊烯	7.90	288-26-6	C₃H₄S₂
雪松精油	10.35	桧烯	22.20	3387-41-5	C₁₀H₁₆
	10.01	2，2-二甲基-5-甲基-二环[2.2.1]庚烷	7.60	497-32-5	C₁₀H₁₆
	8.63	4-甲基-1-（1-甲基乙基）-双环[3.1.0]己-2-烯	6.12	28634-89-1	C₁₀H₁₆