Molecular characterization of coxsackievirus A16 associated hand, foot and mouth disease in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023

doi:10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2024.04.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemic of hand, foot and mouth Disease (HFMD) in Anhui Province, and analyze the genetic types and the genetic evolution of the VP1 coding region of coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16). Methods The data on the incidence of HFMD in Anhui Province were retrieved from the China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control from 2021 through 2023, and statistics was conducted regarding the incidence and composition of each enterovirus serotype of HFMD. The throat swab samples were collected from HFMD patients, and from which CV-A16 strains were isolated. Then the VP1 region of CV-A16 was amplified and sequenced. The genotype/sub genotype of CV-A16 strands was identified by using enterovirus online typing tool, MegAlign Pro sequence alignment software was used to compare the homology of nucleotides and amino acids. The phylogenetic tree of VP1 gene was constructed by biological software MEGA 6.0 Software, and the mutation at amino acid of VP1 gene was analyzed. Results A total of 155 640 HFMD cases were reported in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023. The annual reported incidence was 84.83 /100 000. Between 2021 and 2023, a total of 12 643 laboratory confirmed cases of HFMD were reported in 16 cities in Anhui area, in which CV-A16 associated cases accounted for 18.16% (2 296/12 643). The annual constituent ratio of CV-A16 for each year was 25.81% (1 127/4 366), 33.69% (782/2 321) and 6.50% (387/5 956), respectively. Seventy-two CV-A16 strains were isolated from HFMD cases in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023, in which 58 strains were associated with genetic subtypes of B1a and 14 from B1b, respectively accounting for 80.56% and 19.44%. The nucleotide and amino acid homology with the CV-A16 prototype strain G-10 was 73.80%-76.20% and 90.60%-92.30%. The B1a and B1b genotypes consisted of 4 sub-clusters and 3 sub-clusters in genetic evolution. A total of 72 VP1 gene sequences were compared with the prototype strain and 26 amino acid sites were mutated. Conclusion The main prevalent gene subtypes of HFMD CV-A16 in Anhui area from 2021 to 2023 were involved in B1a and B1b, and B1a was predominant. Our findings suggest that monitoring of CV-A16 epidemic strains should be strengthened in Anhui Province.

Key words: Hand, foot and mouth disease, Coxsackievirus A16, VP1 coding region, Phylogenetic analysis, Anhui Province

CLC Number:

R373.2

GE Yinglu, YANG Lingkang, LIU Yinuo, MA Wanwan, WANG Peng, SUN Yong, SHI Yonglin. Molecular characterization of coxsackievirus A16 associated hand, foot and mouth disease in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023[J]. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology, 2024, 22(4): 233-238.

Figures/Tables 4

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年份	VP1区基因序列数	B1a亚型		B1b亚型
年份	VP1区基因序列数	毒株数	占比（%）	毒株数	占比（%）
2021	24	18	75.00	6	25.00
2022	36	28	77.78	8	22.22
2023	12	12	100.00	0	0
合计	72	58	80.56	14	19.44

基因型/亚型	3	11	13	14	15	17	19	22	23	26	33	36	43	59	61	79	119	139	164	179	183	213	215	217	220	251
A/G-10	G	A	T	S	R	G	A	S	L	E	N	E	L	Q	E	T	M	A	T	I	L	A	P	S	A	V
2021-B1a（n=18）	P	T	N	N	Q	N	S	A/T	L	L	E	S	V	S	K	A	L	V	K	V	M	E	L	A/V	L	I
2022-B1a（n=28）	P	T	N	N	Q	N	S	A/T	L	L	E	S	V	S	K/R	A	L	V	K	V	M	E	L	A	L	I
2023-B1a（n=12）	P	T	N	N	Q	N	S	A/T	L	L	E	S	V	S	K/R	A	L	V	K	V	M	E	L	A	L	I
2021-B1b（n=6）	P	T	N	S	Q	N	S	A	M	L	E	S	V	S	K	A	L	V	T	V	M	E	L	A	L	V
2022-B1b（n=8）	P	T	N	S	Q	N	S	A	M	L	E	S	V/I	S	K	A	L	V	T	V	M	E	L	A	L	V