关键词: 血吸虫病, 钉螺, 疫情分析, 安徽省

Abstract:

Objective　To analyze the endemic status of schistosomiasis and epidemiological trend in Anhui Province in 2019,so as to provide evidence in developing prevention and control measures for schistosomiasis prevalence in following stage. Methods　The data of schistosomiasis prevalence and control in Anhui Province in 2019 were collected,and analyzed using descriptive statistic method. Results　By the end of 2019,9,23 and 18 endemic counties had met the criteria of transmission control,transmission interruption and elimination,respectively. In 2019,a total of 381 878 people of 1. 905 2 million were screened as positive by inquiring investigation. Blood test of 0. 862 0 million people revealed 8 864 positive cases,yet fecal test of 61 600 people showed no positive infection. There were still 5 329 patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Anhui Province,and no acute cases were reported in 2019. Of the 24 824 cattle in stock from endemic areas,365 bovines were screened by blood test and 13 554 by stool test,no infection was found by the two tests. Snail survey conducted in a total of 87 435. 50 hm2 revealed that snails were prevalent in 20 059. 25 hm2,where snails were newly discovered in 38. 90 hm2, and reemerged 39. 55 hm2,yet no infected snails were detected. Molluscicide was applied to a total area of 9 768. 77 hm2,where snails were eradicated in 235. 53 hm2. In 2019,no infection was found in population or livestock in the 50 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites. The snail frame rate and the density of living snail were 8. 80% and 0. 31/0. 11m2,respectively, yet no infected snails were found. The average infection rate tended to decline in population and bovines from 2004 to 2019,with a decrease of 91. 57% and 100%,respectively. The area of snail distribution was fluctuated between 26 300 hm2 and 31 000 hm2,with a trend of slight decrease from 2006 to 2019. No cases of acute schistosomiasis and infected snails were found in Anhui Province since 2013. Conclusion　The overall endemic status of schistosomiasis in Anhui Province looks further decreased,nevertheless,risks of schistosomiasis transmission still remain in some areas. In order to promote the elimination of schistosomiasis,we should keep strengthening the prevention and control of infectious sources,particularly focusing on control of the areas with snails,and improving the monitoring and early warning mechanisms.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Oncomelania hupensis, Endemic analysis, Anhui Province