热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 80-82,116.

• 防治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

2020—2021年焦作市传疟媒介种群及密度监测结果分析

冉伟霞1，贺志权2，胡亚博3，李堂赟1，张中操1，马倩1，许小利1   

  1. 1. 焦作市疾病预防控制中心，河南焦作454001； 2. 河南省疾病预防控制中心； 3. 郑州大学公共卫生学院 

  • 收稿日期:2021-11-09 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-29
  • 通信作者: 许小利，E-mail：jzxiaolixu@163.com
  • 作者简介:冉伟霞，女，本科，主管医师，研究方向：寄生虫病与地方病防治。E-mail：jzcdcdfb@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目（LHGJ20210145）

Analysis on the surveillance results of malaria vector population and density in Jiaozuo City from 2020 to 2021

RAN Wei-xia1, HE Zhi-quan2, HU Ya-bo3, LI Tang-yun1, ZHANG Zhong-cao1, MA Qian1, XU Xiao-li1   

  1. 1. Jiaozuo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaozuo 454001, Henan Province, China;  2. Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;  3. School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University.
  • Received:2021-11-09 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-29

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摘要： 目的 了解焦作市消除疟疾后传疟媒介种群及密度情况，为消除疟疾后传疟媒介的控制和输入性疟疾再传播风险评估提供科学依据。方法 2020—2021年选择焦作市共7个县（市、区）作为传疟媒介监测点，使用诱蚊灯法及人帐诱法开展种群及密度监测，挑选大中型水体环境共20处，采用勺捕法开展蚊虫孳生地调查。结果 7个县（市、区）中除解放区外均捕获有中华按蚊。2020年媒介种群监测共捕获蚊虫8 116只，其中中华按蚊构成比为21.76%，修武县捕获中华按蚊数量最多（1 262只），沁阳市捕获中华按蚊构成比最高（40.39%）；室内环境中中华按蚊数量多，而室外环境中中华按蚊构成比高；密度监测共捕捉蚊虫802只，平均密度为30.55只/人·小时，其中中华按蚊136只，平均密度为5.18只/人·小时；在稻田环境中捕获按蚊孑孓126条，其余水体未发现。2021年种群监测捕捉蚊虫10 852只，中华按蚊构成比为1.67%，修武县捕获中华按蚊数量最多（179只），构成比最高（1.99%）；室内环境捕获中华按蚊数量及构成比均高于室外环境；密度监测共捕获蚊虫3 662只，平均密度为130.79只/人·小时，其中中华按蚊108只，平均密度为3.86只/人·小时；在稻田环境中捕获按蚊孑孓3条，其余水体未发现。结论 中华按蚊是焦作市主要传疟媒介，分布较广，密度较高。消除疟疾后，输入性间日疟再传播的风险仍然存在。

关键词: 疟疾, 中华按蚊, 媒介监测, 焦作市

Abstract: Objective To understand the population and density of malaria vector in Jiaozuo City for evidences to evaluate the risks in control of malaria vectors and retransmission of imported malaria after malaria elimination. Methods Between 2020 and 2021, seven counties (cities/districts) in Jiaozuo City were selected as malaria transmission vector monitoring sites. All-night mosquito lamp traps and artificial entrapment methods were used to investigate the mosquito population and density. Twenty large and medium-sized water bodies were included as sties for investigating the mosquito breeding using spoon catching method. Results Anopheles sinensis were found in the 7 counties(cities/districts) except in Jiefang district. Totally, 8 116 mosquitoes were captured in 2020. The constituent ratio of Anopheles sinensis was 21.76%, with the highest in Xiuwu County(1 262) and areas in Qinyang City(40.39%). The number of Anopheles sinensis was maximum in indoor environment, and the constituent ratio of Anopheles sinensis was the highest in outdoor surroundings. A total of 802 mosquitoes were captured for density monitoring. The average density was 30.55 mosquitoes captured by one person per hour. Of the 802 mosquitoes, 136 were Anopheles sinensis, with an average density being 5.18 captured by one person per hour. One hundred and twenty-six larvae of Anopheles sinensis were caught in the rice fields, yet they were free in other water bodies. 10 852 mosquitoes were seized in 2021. The constituent ratio of Anopheles sinensis was 1.67%, with the highest in Xiuwu County(179，1.99%), and was higher in indoor environment than in outdoor surroundings. For density monitoring, 3 662 mosquitoes were trapped in 2021, the density was 130.79 mosquitoes captured by one person per hour. One hundred and eight Anopheles sinensis were caught, with an average density being 3.85 captured by one person per hour. Three larvae of Anopheles sinensis were caught in the rice fields, yet no larva was found in other water bodies. Conclusion Anopheles sinensis is the major malaria vector in Jiaozuo City, with wider distribution and density. Retransmission risks associated with imported P. vivax infection still remain in our areas after elimination of malaria. 

Key words: Malaria, Anopheles sinensis, Vector surveillance, Jiaozuo City

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