热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 267-272.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2023.05.006

• 蚊媒传染病防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

中缅边境地区孟定镇首次暴发登革热病例临床特征分析

沈加员1(), 李春敏1, 邓伟2, 唐永林3, 张国成4, 杨忠平1, 杨明东1()   

  1. 1.云南省热带传染病国际联合实验室,云南省虫媒传染病防控研究重点实验室,云南省虫媒传染病防控关键技术创新团队,云南省寄生虫病防治所,云南 普洱 665000
    2.耿马县疾病预防控制中心
    3.耿马县疾病预防控制中心孟定分中心
    4.耿马县第二人民医院,孟定镇中心卫生院
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2023-10-20 发布日期:2023-11-07
  • 通信作者: 杨明东,E-mail: quanjueyang@163.com
  • 作者简介:沈加员,男,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:寄生虫病及虫媒病毒性疾病防治工作。E-mail: 10025421@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1200100)

Analysis on the clinical characteristics of the first dengue outbreak in Mengding Town in the border of China-Myanmar

SHEN Jiayuan1(), LI Chunmin1, DENG Wei2, TANG Yonglin3, ZHANG Guocheng4, YANG Zhongping1, YANG Mingdong1()   

  1. 1. International Joint Research Laboratory for Tropical Infectious Diseases of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Pu'er 665000, Yunnan Province, China
    2. County Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Gengma
    3. Mengding Branch Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Gengma
    4. Second People's Hospital of Gengma County,;Town Health Center of Mengding
  • Received:2023-01-04 Online:2023-10-20 Published:2023-11-07
  • Contact: YANG Mingdong, E-mail: quanjueyang@163.com

摘要:

目的 对中缅边境地区云南省耿马县孟定镇首次暴发登革热的住院病例流行病学特征和临床特征进行分析,为登革热临床诊治提供参考。方法 收集云南省耿马县孟定镇2015年收治住院的174例登革热暴发疫情病例的个案资料,对登革热住院病例的流行病学特征、临床症状、实验室结果、治疗转归等情况进行回顾性分析。结果 174例登革热住院病例均来自耿马县孟定镇,分别收治于孟定镇中心卫生院和孟康中医院,发病时间集中在2015年7—11月。其中男性 99例(占56.90%),女性 75 例(占43.10%);年龄分布以18~35岁为主(72例,占41.38%),民族分布以汉族为主(147例,占84.48%),职业分布以农民为主(120例,占68.97%)。主要临床症状为发热(162例,占93.10%)、肌肉酸痛(123例,占70.69%)、畏寒(110例,占63.22%)、乏力(86例,占49.43%)和头痛(84例,占48.28%)。实验室检查出现白细胞计数降低89例(占51.15%)、血小板计数降低121例(占69.54%)、谷丙转氨酶升高23例(占13.22%)、谷草转氨酶升高70例(占40.23%)、乳酸脱氢酶升高132例(占75.86%)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶升高80例(占45.98%)、肌酸激酶升高26例(占14.94%)、肌酸激酶同工酶升高38例(占21.84%)、血尿素氮升高8例(占4.60%)、血肌酐升高27例(占15.52%)、血尿酸升高22例(占12.64%)、低钙血症95例(占54.60%),同时出现尿蛋白阳性和尿隐血阳性10例(占5.75%)。174例患者平均住院天数为(6.74±2.52)d,患者住院天数受不同热度、治疗方案等因素的影响。结论 登革热病例主要症状为发热、肌肉酸痛、畏寒、乏力和头痛,部分患者可有典型皮疹,实验室检查常表现为血常规、肝肾功能、血电解质和心肌酶谱的异常。加强登革热病例的早期诊断和治疗,不断完善和加强监测体系建设,是防止该病流行的关键。

关键词: 登革热, 暴发, 临床特征, 中缅边境地区

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of the first outbreak of dengue in Mengding Town, Gengma County of Yunnan Province, located between the border of China and Myanmar, for reference for clinical treatment of this infection. Methods The case data were obtained from 174 patients admitted to and treated in the hospitals in Mengding Town of Gengma County in 2015, and retrospectively analyzed concerning the epidemiological characteristics, clinical symptoms, findings of laboratory tests and treatment outcomes of the infections. Results The 174 patients were all from Mengding Town of Gengma County, and respectively admitted to and treated in the Central Clinic of Mengding Town and Mengkang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The infection occurred in between July and November. Ninety-nine (56.90%) were males, and 75 (43.10%) were females. The infection was most seen in patients aged between 18 and 35 years, accounting for 41.38% (72/174). Ethnic distribution and occupation were dominated by Han nationality (84.48%, 147/174) and farmers (68.97%, 120/174), respectively. The major clinical symptoms were associated with fever (93.10%, 162/174),aching muscles (70.69%, 123/174), chilly (63.22%, 110/174), fatigue (49.43%, 86/174) and headache (48.28%, 84/174). Laboratory studies indicated decreased white blood cell count in 89 patients (51.15%), platelet reduction in 121 (69.54%), elevated level of ALT, AST, LDH, α-HBDH, creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and blood uric acid was seen in 23 (13.22%), 70 (40.23%), 132 (75.86%), 80 (45.98%), 26 (14.94%), 38 (21.84%), 8 (4.60%), 27 (15.52%) and 22 patients (12.64%), respectively. Hypocalcemia was observed in 95 patients (54.60%). Both urine protein positive and urine occult blood positive occurred in 10 patients (5.75%). The mean hospital stay was (6.74±2.52) days, and the length of hospital stay was involved in the degree of fever and medication regimen. Conclusion The main symptoms of patients infected with dengue fever are associated with fever, aching muscles, chill, fatigue and headache. Typical skin rash may occur in some patients. Laboratory tests commonly reveal abnormal blood count as well as electrolyte and myocardial enzyme spectrum of liver and kidney function. Prevention of dengue fever epidemic is involved in enhanced early diagnosis and treatment, continuous improvement in and strengthened construction of the monitoring system for this infection.

Key words: Dengue fever, Outbreak, Clinical characteristics, China-Myanmar border area

中图分类号: