热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2026, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 109-114.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2026.02.009

• 实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

日本血吸虫虫卵分泌抗原对小鼠脾CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞动态变化的研究

王旗(), 章乐生, 汪峰峰, 王毓洁, 李清越, 马晓荷, 操治国()   

  1. 安徽省疾病预防控制中心， 安徽合肥 230601
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-13 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-05-29
  • 通信作者: 操治国，E-mail: ahzhiguo@126.com
  • 作者简介:王旗，男，硕士，主管技师，研究方向：寄生虫病控制。E-mail: luckqi2015@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省卫生健康科研项目(AHWJ2023A30248)

Dynamic changes of splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs in mice induced by ESA of Schistosoma japonicum eggs

WANG Qi(), ZHANG Lesheng, WANG Fengfeng, WANG Yujie, LI Qingyue, MA Xiaohe, CAO Zhiguo()   

  1. Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2026-01-13 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-05-29
  • Contact: CAO Zhiguo, E-mail: ahzhiguo@126.com

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摘要：

目的 观察日本血吸虫虫卵分泌抗原（excretory-secretory antigen of eggs, ESA）对小鼠脾脏调节性T细胞（regulatory T cells, Tregs）比例的影响及动态变化趋势，初步探讨其对小鼠免疫调节作用。方法 建立家兔日本血吸虫感染模型，从肝脏分离、纯化虫卵并制备日本血吸虫ESA，将40只SPF级雄性昆明鼠随机分为实验组和对照组，每组20只。用日本血吸虫ESA（实验组）和PBS（对照组）分别对两组小鼠进行4周干预，于免疫前和免疫后4周、8周、12周，采用流式细胞术检测小鼠脾脏中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs占CD4+T细胞的百分比，并结合小鼠体重和脾脏指数变化评估免疫反应。结果 ESA免疫后第8、12周，实验组小鼠体重（40.18 g±0.56 g、41.71 g±0.54 g）低于对照组（42.18 g±0.26 g、44.71 g±0.69 g），差异均有统计学意义（t=7.116、7.661，P均<0.01）。免疫后第4、8、12周，实验组小鼠脾脏指数（3.80 mg/g±0.04 mg/g、4.16 mg/g±0.02 mg/g、4.31 mg/g±0.03 mg/g）均高于对照组（3.57 mg/g±0.01 mg/g、3.58 mg/g±0.01 mg/g、3.59 mg/g±0.02 mg/g），差异均有统计学意义（t=-11.309、-58.881、-48.882，P均<0.01）。同时，实验组小鼠免疫后第4、8、12周脾脏Tregs占CD4+T细胞的比例（20.15%±1.01%、24.92%±1.06%、30.29%±1.06%）高于同期对照组（14.27%±0.66%、15.40%±0.86%、16.56%±0.86%），差异均有统计学意义（t=-10.343、-15.637、-22.494，P均<0.01），且随免疫时间延长占比逐渐上升。结论 ESA可诱导小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞向Tregs分化，且该效应与免疫干预时间成正向关联。

关键词: 日本血吸虫, 调节性T细胞, 免疫调节, 免疫干预

Abstract:

Objective To observe the effect and dynamic change trend of Schistosoma japonicum egg excretory-secretory antigen (ESA) on the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen of mice, and to preliminarily investigate its immunomodulatory effect on the mice. Methods A rabbit model of Schistosoma japonicum infection was established, and then the eggs were isolated and purified from the liver tissues to prepare ESA of Schistosoma japonicum. Forty SPF-grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group (n=20 in each group). Mice in the experimental group were treated with Schistosoma japonicum ESA, and those in the control group were intervened with PBS for 4 consecutive weeks. Before immunization and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after immunization, flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs in CD4+T cells in the spleen of mice. The immune response was evaluated in combination with changes in body weight and spleen index of the mice. Results At 8 and 12 weeks after ESA immunization, the body weight of mice was generally lower in the experimental group than in the control group [(40.18 g±0.56 g, 41.71 g±0.54 g) vs. (42.18 g±0.26 g, 44.71 g±0.69 g), respectively]. The difference was statistically significant (t=7.116, 7.661, both P<0.01). At 4, 8, and 12 weeks following immunization, the spleen indexes of mice in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(3.80 mg/g±0.04 mg/g, 4.16 mg/g±0.02 mg/g, 4.31 mg/g±0.03 mg/g) vs. (3.57 mg/g± 0.01 mg/g, 3.58 mg/g±0.01 mg/g, 3.59 mg/g±0.02 mg/g), respectively], and the difference was statistically significant (t=-11.309, -58.881, -48.882, all P<0.01). Meanwhile, the proportions of Tregs in CD4+T cells in the spleen of mice in the experimental group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after immunization were 20.15%±1.01%, 24.92%±1.06% and 30.29%±1.06%, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group at the corresponding time points (14.27%±0.66%, 15.40%±0.86% and 16.56%±0.86%), with significant statistical differences (t=-10.343, -15.637, -22.494, respectively, all P<0.01). Moreover, the proportion gradually increased with the extension of immunization time. Conclusion ESA can induce the differentiation of CD4+T cells into Tregs in the spleen of mice, and this effect is positively correlated with the duration of immune intervention.

Key words: Schistosoma japonicum, Regulatory T cells, Immunoregulation, Immune intervention

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