关键词: 登革热, 流行病学, 预防控制, 布雷图指数

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2016 to 2020 and the behaviors of victims in hospital visiting for evidence in prevention and control of this infection. Methods The case data and surveillance results of the vectors dengue infection were collected in Nanshan District from 2016 to 2020,and analyzed using descriptive epidemiology for the epidemical features. Results A total of 198 dengue cases were reported in Nanshan District from 2016 to 2020,in which 110 were local infections and 88 were imported cases. The average annual incidence rate was 2. 73 / 100 000 population. Dengue fever was prevalent throughout the year except March,and the most reported in September and October, which accounted for 65. 66% ( 130 / 198) of the reported cases. Dengue infection occurred in the eight communities within Nanshan District,with the highest in the community of Shekou,Xili and Taoyuan,accounting for 4. 96,3. 76,and 3. 16 per 100 000 population. The age of onset ranged from 10 to 81 years,yet population aged between 20 and 59 years were most affected(169 cases,85. 36%). The average annual infection was higher in males than in females(3. 28 / 100 000 vs. 2. 12 / 100 000),and the difference was statistically significant ( χ² = 9. 041,P<0. 05). Six outbreaks occurred in 2016 and 2020,of which 4 were in construction sites. Mosquito monitoring indicated that Breteau index (BI) was peaked from August to September,and rose above the alert value between June and October. In the 198 cases of dengue fever,36. 87% were confirmed at initial diagnosis,and 70. 71% were treated on hospitalization basis. The initial diagnosis rate in public hospitals was 58. 59%. The interval between onset and first visit was 1 day (0 ~3 d),and between onset and diagnosis was 5 day(3~ 6 d). Imported cases were higher than local infections in public hospitals by the first hospital visit,and the interval between onset and first visit was longer in imported cases than in local infections. The difference was significant( χ² = 4. 672, Z= 0. 493,all P<0. 05). Conclusion The dengue epidemic remains serious in Nanshan District. Our findings suggest that all medical institutions and organizations involved in mosquito eradication should be intensively trained for diagnosis and treatment,prevention and control. In addition,personnel returned from foreign countries and employees in construction sites should be provided with health education in order to achieve early detection,
early diagnosis and early isolation of dengue fever.

Key words: Dengue fever, Epidemiology, Prevention and control, Breteau index