热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2020, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 93-96,101.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情回顾性调查分析 

游晓迪1,吴方伟2∗
  

  1. 1. 昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明 650500; 2. 云南省寄生虫病防治所
  • 出版日期:2020-06-10 发布日期:2020-05-27
  • 通信作者: 吴方伟 E-mail:wufangwei-03@ 163. com
  • 作者简介:游晓迪,女,本科在读,研究方向:寄生虫病检验。
  • 基金资助:
    科技部国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0501302)

Retrospective investigation and analysis of human trichinosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province

YOU Xiao-di1, WU Fang-wei2∗   

  1. 1. College of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; 2. Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases
  • Online:2020-06-10 Published:2020-05-27

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摘要： 了解云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情特征,为旋毛虫病的治疗和防控工作提供参考。 方法 从中国知网、维普网和万方数据等数据库检索 2000 年以来文献报道的历次云南省人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情资料,从流行病学分布、感染方式、临床诊治等方面进行分析。 结果 2000 年以来云南省共报道 21 起人体旋毛虫病暴发疫情,累计发病人数 2 256 人,死亡 3 人。 疫情暴发时间主要集中在冬春季,地区主要集中在滇西及滇西南的农村地区,人群以边疆少数民族为主,发病人群以青壮年居多。 感染原因主要是进食生猪肉或未煮熟的猪肉导致。 在明确症状记载的 1 976 例病例资料中,潜伏期最短为 12 h,最长达 25 d。 临床表现主要有肌肉疼痛( 1 655 例,83. 76%)、发热(1 612 例,81. 58%)、乏力(998 例,50. 51%)、颜面部及眼睑水肿(659 例,33. 35%)、腹痛腹泻等消化道症状( 509例,25. 76%)及咳嗽咳痰等呼吸系统症状(122 例,6. 17%)等。 有 4 起暴发疫情在早期被误诊为食物中毒、急性胃肠炎、结膜炎等疾病。 结论 旋毛虫病暴发是云南省重要的突发公共卫生事件,建议各级政府和卫生部门加强对旋毛虫病防治的宣传力度,提高人群防病意识,改变饮食习惯,降低感染风险。 

关键词: 旋毛虫病, 暴发, 特征, 云南省

Abstract: Objective To understand the characteristics of human trichinellosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province, so as to supply references to the treatment and control of trichinellosis. Methods Historical reports on human trichinellosis outbreaks in Yunnan Province since 2000 were retrieved from the database, including CNKI, CQVIP and Wanfang Data. Then the data were analyzed regarding epidemiological distribution, infection fashion and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Results Twenty-one episodes of outbreaks of human trichinellosis, with a cumulative involvement of 2 256 cases and 3 deaths, were reported in Yunnan Province since 2000. The outbreaks mainly occurred in winter and spring seasons, and were primarily associated with rural areas in western and southwestern Yunnan. The infection most occurred in ethnic minorities living in the provincial border areas, and the majority of the patients were young adults. Main cause of infection was intake of raw or undercooked pork. Of 1 976 cases with clear symptom records, the incubation period of the patient was as short as 12 h and as long as 25 d. Clinical manifestations generally included muscle pain(1 655 cases, 83. 76% ), fever(1 612 cases, 81. 58% ), fatigue(998 cases, 50. 51% ), facial and eyelid edema(659 cases, 33. 35% ), abdominal pain and diarrhea, digestive tract symptoms( 509 cases, 25. 76% ) and respiratory symptoms such as cough and expectoration( 122 cases, 6. 17% ). Four outbreaks were misdiagnosed as food poisoning, acute gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis and other conditions at early stage. Conclusion The outbreak of trichinellosis is an important public health emergency in Yunnan Province. Our findings suggest that governments and health sectors at all levels should strengthen publicity on the prevention and control of trichinellosis, including raising the awareness of population in disease prevention and modifying diet habits to eventually reduce the risks of such infection.

Key words: Trichinellosis, Outbreak, Characteristics, Yunnan Province

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