热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 301-305.

• 实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

COVID-19康复者恢复期血浆成分制备后SARS-CoV-2抗体水平的变化

刘洋1，2，阎兵2，艾俊2，鲍晶晶2，张立波2，傅强2，张春2，陈云2，王勇1   

  1. 1. 南京医科大学基础医学院，江苏 南京 211166； 2. 南京红十字血液中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-28 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通信作者: 王勇，E-mail: yongwsh@njmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘洋，男，硕士在读，研究方向：病原微生物学。E-mail: 549975745@qq.com

Changes in SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after component preparation of COVID-19 convalescent plasma 

LIU Yang1, 2, YAN Bing2, AI Jun2, BAO Jingjing2, ZHANG Libo2, FU Qiang2, ZHANG Chun2, CHEN Yun2, WANG Yong1   

  1. 1. School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China; 
    2. Nanjing Red Cross Blood Center
  • Received:2025-02-28 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-11-28

PDF (PC)

3

摘要： 目的 探讨血浆成分制备过程对新型冠状病毒感染（coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19）康复者恢复期血浆中新型冠状病毒（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2）抗体水平的影响，为优化康复者恢复期血浆的制备方法提供参考。方法 随机选取2023年1月19日采集的129份COVID-19康复者捐献的血液样本，测定SARS-CoV-2 IgM及IgG抗体总阳性率。每份样本依次制备新鲜血浆（新鲜组）、去冷沉淀血浆（去冷沉淀组）和病毒灭活血浆（灭活组），测定经160倍稀释后3组样本的IgM及IgG抗体阳性率，并计算抗体水平S/Co值。以160倍稀释后IgG抗体阳性的新鲜组为对象，同步纳入对应去冷沉淀组、灭活组样本，按最大稀释倍数设置160倍、320倍、640倍、1 280倍、2 560倍5个梯度组，比较各梯度组内3组样本经160倍稀释后的IgG抗体水平S/Co值。结果 129份样本中，SARS-CoV-2 IgM抗体总阳性率为6.98%（9/129），IgG抗体总阳性率为97.67%（126/129）。160倍稀释后，新鲜组、去冷沉淀组、灭活组IgG抗体阳性率分别为93.02%（120/129）、87.60%（113/129）、83.72%（108/129）；抗体水平S/Co值由高到低依次为新鲜组［8.14（4.45，12.24）］、去冷沉淀组［5.92（3.09，10.14）］、灭活组［4.29（1.73，7.25）］，三组间差异均有统计学意义（Z=-9.86、-9.76、-5.97，P均<0.017）。在各最大稀释倍数梯度组内，经160倍稀释后的新鲜组IgG抗体水平S/Co值均高于去冷沉淀组及灭活组；且在320倍、640倍、1280倍最大稀释梯度组中，3组样本间差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.017）。结论 COVID-19康复者恢复期血浆制备流程可显著影响其IgG抗体水平，建议进一步优化血浆制备工艺，以最大限度保留其IgG抗体活性，从而保障临床应用中的血浆质量。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒, 康复者恢复期血浆, 成分制备, 抗体

Abstract: Objective To investigate the impact of plasma component preparation on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody levels the convalescent plasma from patients recovering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for reference to optimize the preparation method for convalescent plasma. Methods A total of 129 aliquots of blood samples donated by COVID-19 convalescents were randomly collected on January 19, 2023, and measured for the total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2. Then each of the sample was processed into fresh plasma, cryoprecipitate-poor plasma, and virus-inactivated plasma (designated as Fresh Group, Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group, and Inactivated Group, respectively). The total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2 were determined in the samples in the three groups after dilution at 1∶160, and the antibody level S/Co value was calculated.  Subsequently, the IgG-positive samples from the Fresh Group (after1∶160 dilution) and their corresponding samples in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group and Inactivated Group were further diluted to serial dilutions at 1∶160, 1∶320, 1∶640, 1∶1 280, and 1∶2 560, respectively. The S/Co values of IgG antibodies in the three groups (after1∶160 dilution) were compared under different dilution conditions. Results The total positive rates of antibodies against IgM and IgG of SARS-CoV-2 in the 129 samples were 6.98% (9/129) and 97.67% (126/129), respectively. The total IgG positive rates at 1∶160 dilution were 93.02% (120/129) in the Fresh Group, 87.60% (113/129) in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group, and 83.72% (108/129) in the Inactivated Group. The IgG S/Co value of the Fresh Group [8.14 (4.45, 12.24)] was higher than that of the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group [5.92 (3.09, 10.14)], and the IgG S/Co value of the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group was higher than that of the Inactivated Group [4.29 (1.73, 7.25)]. The difference was significant among the three groups (Z= -9.86, -9.76, -5.97, respectively; all P<0.017). In each maximum dilution gradient group, the S/Co values of IgG antibodies (after 1:160 dilution) in the fresh group samples were significantly higher than those in the Cryoprecipitate-Poor Group and the Inactivated Group. Additionally, in the maximum dilution gradient groups of  1∶320, 1∶640 and 1∶1 280 , there were statistically significant differences among the three groups of samples (all P<0.017). Conclusion The preparation process may obviously affect the IgG antibody level in the convalescent plasma from COVID-19 survivors, for which it is recommended to further optimize the plasma preparation process to maximize the retention of IgG antibody activity, thereby ensuring the quality of plasma for clinical application. 

Key words: SARS-CoV-2, Convalescent plasma, Component preparation, Antibody

中图分类号: