热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 181-184.

• 创刊50周年特约专稿 •    下一篇

以全健康理念推进我国内脏利什曼病从控制走向消除

张红卫，刘颖，杨成运，鲁德岭，钱丹，贺志权，王丹   

  1. 河南省疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所，河南省寄生虫病原与媒介医学重点实验室，河南 郑州 450016
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-19 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
  • 作者简介:张红卫，男，博士，主任医师，研究方向：寄生虫病控制。E-mail：zhwei69@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目（222102310722）

Promoting visceral leishmaniasis from control to elimination in China based on One Health approach

ZHANG Hong-wei, LIU Ying, YANG Cheng-yun, LU De-ling, QIAN Dan, HE Zhi-quan, WANG Dan   

  1. Institution of Parasite Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Medical Laboratory of Parasitic Pathogen and Vector of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan Province, China. 
  • Received:2022-06-19 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-31

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摘要： 内脏利什曼病（又称黑热病）是以白蛉为传播媒介的人兽共患寄生虫病。世界卫生组织倡议至2030年将内脏利什曼病“作为一个公共卫生问题”实现消除目标的国家数增加到64个（占全球流行国家数的85%）。由于内脏利什曼病传播链较为复杂，在阻断从动物宿主向人群传播，以及建立“人-动物-媒介”同防机制方面还面临诸多挑战，需要跨部门、跨区域、跨学科的协作。全健康理念旨在共同促进人和动物健康、维护和改善生态环境，在人兽共患病防控方面具有优势。本文基于全健康理念提出了我国内脏利什曼病消除目标和策略，探讨了“人-动物-媒介”多维度的监测体系和干预措施，以及跨部门、跨区域、跨学科协作的内容，以期为我国内脏利什曼病从控制走向消除提供有益参考。

关键词: 内脏利什曼病, 黑热病, 全健康, 控制, 消除, 策略, 措施

Abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, represents a zoonotic parasitic disease with sandfly as the transmission medium. WHO is advocating an increase to 64（85%） of the number of countries that have achieved the goal of eliminating visceral leishmaniasis as a public health problem by 2030. As one of the zoonosis, the transmission-chain of leishmaniasis is complex. To interrupt transmission from animal hosts to human populations, as well as the establishment of “human-animal-media” co-prevention mechanism is still facing many challenges, which requires cross-sectoral, cross-regional and cross-disciplinary collaboration. The One Health approach, which aims to jointly promote human and animal health, maintain and improve the ecological environment, has advantages in zoonosis prevention and control and can effectively solve this complex public health problem. The aim and strategy for elimination of visceral leishmaniasis according to One Health approach was proposed in this paper, with the role of systematic monitoring and intervention, as well as cross-sectoral, cross-regional and cross-disciplinary collaboration being discussed, in order to provide reference for visceral leishmaniasis control and elimination in our country. 

Key words: Visceral leishmaniasis, Kala-azar, One Health, Control, Elimination, Strategy, Measure

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