热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2022, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 103-108,112.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

巨噬细胞极化机制及其在常见疾病中的作用

王永康，李佳怡，关飞，雷家慧   

  1. 华中科技大学同济医学院病原生物学系，湖北 武汉 430030
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-25 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-04-29
  • 通信作者: 雷家慧，E-mail: leijiahui@hust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王永康，男，本科在读，研究方向：寄生虫感染与免疫。E-mail：u201813137@hust.edu.cn 李佳怡，女，本科在读，研究方向：寄生虫感染与免疫。E-mail：u201912854@hust.edu.cn 王永康、李佳怡同为第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（81772220）；湖北省大学生创新训练项目（S202110487357）

Mechanisms of macrophage polarization and its role in common diseases

WANG Yong-kang, LI Jia-yi, GUAN Fei, LEI Jia-hui   

  1. Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2021-12-25 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-04-29

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摘要： 巨噬细胞是人体天然免疫系统的重要组成部分，具有高度的可塑性，可在不同的微环境信号刺激下分化为具有促炎作用的经典活化型巨噬细胞（classical activated macrophage，M1型）和具有抗炎作用的选择性活化型巨噬细胞（alternative activated macrophage，M2型）。巨噬细胞的极化涉及许多信号通路和转录因子的调控，且M1/M2表型与肿瘤、Ⅱ型糖尿病、重症急性胰腺炎等疾病的发生发展有关。本文通过介绍与巨噬细胞极化有关的主要信号通路及常见疾病中巨噬细胞的极化状态，明确巨噬细胞的极化平衡在维持人体稳态中的重要作用，以期为相关临床研究提供新思路。

关键词: 巨噬细胞极化, 肿瘤, 代谢性疾病, 炎症性疾病

Abstract: Macrophages are important components in human innate immune system. They are highly plastic and can differentiate into pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 under the stimulation of different microenvironmental signals. Polarization of macrophages is regulated by many signaling pathways and transcription factors, and M1/M2 phenotype are involved in the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases, such as tumor, type Ⅱ diabetes and severe acute pancreatitis, etc. In this paper, we reviewed the main signaling pathways related to macrophage polarization and its polarization state in common disorders, and described the importance of balance of macrophage polarization in maintaining homeostasis, with an attempt to provide new ideas for related clinical research. 

Key words: Macrophage polarization, Tumor, Metabolic diseases, Inflammatory diseases

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