热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2016, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 13-16.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2302.2016.01.005

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014年湖南省血吸虫病流行区风险监测结果分析

李广平，周杰，胡本骄，汤凌，李以义，杨建平，任光辉*   

  1. 414000  湖南岳阳市，湖南省血吸虫病防治所
  • 出版日期:2016-03-10 发布日期:2016-04-11

Analysis on the surveillance over risks of schistosomiasis endemic areas in Hunan Province in 2014     

Li Guangping, Zhou Jie, Hu Benjiao, Tang Ling, Li Yiyi, Yang Jianping, Ren Guanghui*   

  1. Hunan Institute of Schistosomiasis Control and Prevention, Yueyang 414000, China.
  • Online:2016-03-10 Published:2016-04-11

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被引次数

4

摘要： 【摘要】 目的  快速和准确掌握2014年湖南省血吸虫病流行区疫情传播风险，为制订防治对策提供科学依据。 方法  在湖南省选取13个县（市、区、场）25个行政村采用采用塑料杯顶管孵化法（1粪3检）抽查监测村家畜血吸虫感染情况；采用系统抽样法调查螺情，应用改良压碎逸蚴法和LAMP法检测感染性钉螺。在钉螺调查环境观察人、畜活动的情况并采用塑料杯顶管孵化法（1粪3检）调查野粪感染情况。 结果  92%的监测村有存栏家畜，屈原管理区青港村、岳阳县机场村、北湖村和沅江市康宁村的家畜感染率分别为1.10%、1.00%、1.00%和0.93%；共调查25处钉螺环境，均为洲滩环境，均捕获钉螺。对各处环境双号框钉螺采取压碎逸蚴法检测混合样本23个，未发现感染钉螺。对各处环境单号框活螺采取LAMP法检测混合样本155个，6处环境钉螺（汉寿县明星外洲，津市市中心外洲，湘阴县沅潭外洲、东方红外洲，屈原管理区宝塔外洲，云溪区丁山外洲）检测有阳性反应；56%的钉螺调查环境有家畜活动，其中4处环境50头（只）以上（屈原管理区宝塔外洲、青港外洲，云溪丁山外洲、新设外洲）。44%的钉螺调查环境有人员活动，共计43人；在96%的钉螺调查环境采集野粪607份，其中牛粪592份、羊粪15份，检测未发现感染性野粪。 结论  钉螺、家畜和野粪等风险监测指标可为评估血吸虫病传播风险提供科学依据。

关键词: 血吸虫病, 风险监测, 湖南省

Abstract:

【Abstract】 Objective  To make an accurate knowledge on the risk status of schistosomiasis transmission in endemic areas in Hunan Province in 2014 for evidences to plan scientific strategies for control and prevention of this disease. Methods  Twenty-five administrative villages in 13 counties (cities, districts, farms) were selected as risk surveillance sites, and hatching test(1 aliquot of feces subjected to 3 tests) was used to determine the schistosome infection status in all livestock and feces collected in open fields. Systematic sampling method was used to measure the status of snail prevalence, and modified crushing-cercariae escaping method and loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP) technique were applied to detecting the infected snails. Activities of humans and livestock were also observed in the susceptible zones within the 25 surveillance villages. Results  Livestock were being fed in 92% of surveillance villages. The infection rate was 1.10%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 0.93%, respectively in Qingang village under Quyuan administrative district, Jichang village and Beihu village of Yueyang county, Kangling village of Yuanjiang city. Sails were found in marshlands within the 25 surveillance villages, and no positive snails were seen in 23 samples obtained in even number frames and tested with crushing-cercariae escaping method. However, 6 positive samples(collected in the odd number frames from the marshland in Mingxing, Hanshou county; Zhongxin, Jinshi city; Yuantan and Dongfanghong, Xiangying county; Baota, Quyuan administrative district and Dingshan, Yunxi district) were detected with LAMP method. Livestock were pastured in 56% of risk areas, and the livestock were over 50 in 4 the susceptible areas(the marshland in Baota; Qingang, Quyuan administrative district; Dingshan and Xinshe, Yunxi district). Human actives(totally 43 people being seen) were found in 44% of risk areas. 607 aliquots of livestock feces, including 592 aliquots of feces from cattle and 15 from goats, obtained in the open fields within 96% of the surveillance sites were free of positive samples. Conclusion  The surveillance index for snails，livestock and wild feces may provide scientific evidence for assessment of the risks of schistosomiasis transmission in endemic areas.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Risk surveillance, Hunan Province