热带病与寄生虫学

热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2020, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 115-117.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

安徽马鞍山市博望区“有螺无病”成因调查分析 

詹惕1,崔代文2,项可霞1,汪为春1,朱应富1,段永梅1
  

  1. 1. 马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心,马鞍山 243000; 2. 马鞍山市博望区疾病预防控制中心
  • 出版日期:2020-06-10 发布日期:2020-05-27
  • 作者简介:詹惕,女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:血吸虫病防治
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(1704a0802155)

An investigation on the contribution factors of Oncomelania hupensis snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis(SENEAS) in Bowang District, Ma'anshan City,Anhui Province 

ZHAN Ti1, CUI Dai-wen2, XIANG Ke-xia1, WANG Wei-chun1, ZHU Ying-fu1, DUAN Yong-mei1    

  1. 1. Ma’anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ma’anshan 243000, China; 2. Bowang District Center for Disease Control
    and Prevention
  • Online:2020-06-10 Published:2020-05-27

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摘要： 目的 探索马鞍山市博望区有钉螺无血吸虫病流行(简称有螺无病)的原因,为制订该地区血吸虫病防治策略提供科学依据。 方法 在马鞍山市博望区开展人群、家畜病情和钉螺血吸虫感染情况的现场调查。 采集上述“有螺无病”区的钉螺标本,随机分为 2 组,按照钉螺与毛蚴数量比例 1 ∶ 20 和 1 ∶ 40 分别进行日本血吸虫毛蚴人工感染实验,以同样方法感染该市“有螺有病”区钉螺作为对照。 感染后将钉螺置于室内常温下饲养 90 d,观察“有螺无病”地区和“有螺有病”地区钉螺感染率和死亡情况。 结果 在“有螺无病”区调查人群 568 人,调查家畜 40 头,血吸虫感染率均为 0,现场调查钉螺 1 100 只,未发现感染性钉螺。 人工感染实验中,“有螺无病”区钉螺 1 ∶ 20 和 1 ∶40 组中的感染率均低于“有螺有病”区钉螺,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。 结论 马鞍山市博望区“有螺无病”区钉螺在适宜环境下可以被日本血吸虫毛蚴感染。 钉螺易感性较差和没有足够数量的传染源可能是“有螺无病”区形成的主要原因。

关键词: 有螺无病区, 日本血吸虫, 钉螺, 易感性

Abstract: Objective To explore the forming cause of the Oncomelania hupensis snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis(SENEAS) in Bowang District, Ma'anshan City, and to provide the scientific evidence for schistosomiasis control measures in the area. Methods Field surveys were carried out in SENEAS in Bowang District for the infection rate of population and livestock, and the distribution of Oncomelaniasnails. In lab investigation, Oncomelania snails collected from SENEAS in Bowang District were randomly divided into two groups. They were exposed to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia and the ratio of snail to miracidia were 1 ∶ 20 and 1 ∶ 40, respectively. The same measures were used in Oncomelaniasnails from endemic areas in Huashan District as control groups. All snails were bred at room temperature for 90 days. Snail infection rate were observed and compared. Results In field research, we have investigated 568 people, 40 livestock , and 1 100 Oncomelaniasnails in SENEAS. The infection rate of population and livestock were both 0, and no positive snails were found. In lab investigation, the infection rate of snails in SENEAS were significantly lower than those in endemic areas in both 1 ∶ 20 group and 1 ∶ 40 group. Conclusion In SENEAS in Bowang District, Oncomeania snails can successfully infected by Schistosoma japonicummiracidia. We believed that the main reason of SENEAS is that there were no sufficient amount of infection source imported, and the low susceptibility to Schistosoma japonicum miracidia of local Oncomeaniasnails.

Key words: Oncomelania hupensis snail-existent non-endemic areas of schistosomiasis ( SENEAS ), Schistosoma
japonicum, Oncomelania hupensis, Susceptibility

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