热带病与寄生虫学 ›› 2025, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 91-97.doi: 10.20199/j.issn.1672-2302.2025.02.006

• 手足口病防控专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年成都市手足口病流行特征及时空聚集性分析

徐凯(), 王瑶, 速丽媛, 冯松颀, 程悦, 刘辉()   

  1. 成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都四川 610041
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-24 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-06-04
  • 通信作者: 刘辉,E-mail: 413470376@qq.com
  • 作者简介:徐凯,男,硕士,医师,研究方向:急性传染病防治。E-mail: xk0525@aliyun.com

Epidemiological characteristics and temporal-spatial clustering analysis of hand, foot and mouth disease in Chengdu City from 2014 to 2023

XU Kai(), WANG Yao, SU Liyuan, FENG Songqi, CHENG Yue, LIU Hui()   

  1. Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2024-09-24 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-06-04
  • Contact: LIU Hui, E-mail: 413470376@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析成都市手足口病流行和时空分布特征,为手足口病的精准防控提供依据。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中获取2014—2023年成都市手足口病发病资料及病原学监测资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析三间分布特征,采用空间自相关分析和时空扫描分析方法分析时空聚集性。结果 2014—2023年成都市共报告手足口病337 633例,报告发病率为83.53/10万~383.86/10万,年均报告发病率为195.82/10万。发病高峰基本在4—7月和11—12月。发病年龄集中于≤6岁(占96.44%),职业分布主要为散居儿童(占59.35%),男、女年均报告发病率分别为224.52/10万和166.81/10万。全局空间自相关分析显示,成都市仅2015年手足口病发病率存在空间正相关性(Moran's I=0.19,Z=2.03,P<0.05);局部空间自相关分析显示“高-高”聚集区主要为新都、郫都等主城区外围区县,“低-低”聚集区主要为高新、青羊等主城区。时空扫描分析显示,主集群为崇州、大邑、龙泉驿等主城区外围区县,聚集时间主要为5—8月和10—11月。2017—2020年流行病原体以其他肠道病毒(未分型)为主,2021—2023年以CVA6为主。结论 成都市手足口病发病存在时空聚集性,易感人群主要为≤6岁儿童,近年病原体以CVA6为主,应在高发季节加强对重点地区和人群的防控。

关键词: 手足口病, 流行特征, 病原学, 时空聚集性, 成都市

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Chengdu area so as to provide evidence for targeted prevention and control of this infection. Methods The data on HFMD cases and pathogen surveillance in Chengdu from 2014 to 2023 were retrieved from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of temporal, population and regional distribution. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatiotemporal scan statistics were used to analyze the clustering of HFMD in time and space. Results A total of 337 633 HFMD cases were reported in Chengdu area from 2014 through 2023, during which the incidence reported ranged from 83.53/100 000 to 383.86/100 000, with an annual incidence being 195.82/100 000 on average. The prevalence peaked in April-July and November-December in general. Cases were predominant in population ≤6 years old (96.44%), and most involved in children living at home (59.35%). The annual incidence rate was 224.52/100 000 for males and 166.81/100 000 for females. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a positive spatial correlation in 2015 (Moran's I = 0.19, Z=2.03, P < 0.05). Local spatial autocorrelation identified “high-high” clusters in peripheral urban districts (e.g., Xindu, Pidu) and “low-low” clusters in core urban districts (e.g., Gaoxin, Qingyang). Spatiotemporal scan analysis indicated primary clusters in peripheral districts (e.g., Chongzhou, Dayi, Longquanyi) during May-August and October-November. Other enteroviruses (untyped) were dominated from 2017 to 2020, whereas CVA6 became predominant from 2021 to 2023. Conclusion HFMD in Chengdu area exhibited spatiotemporal clustering, primarily affecting children ≤6 years old, with CVA6 as dominant pathogen in past years. Our findings suggest that prevention efforts should focus on high-risk seasons, key areas, and vulnerable populations.

Key words: Hand, foot and mouth disease, Epidemiological characteristics, Pathogen, Spatiotemporal clustering, Chengdu City

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