Abstract: Objective To analyze the surveillance data from national schistosomiasis monitoring sites in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures for providing a basis to optimize regional prevention and control strategies. Methods Between 2020 and 2024, national-level surveillance sites were established in the counties (cities, districts) where schistosomiasis was endemic in history in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in compliance with the National Schistosomiasis Surveillance Program (2020 Edition), an conducted surveillance on the schistosomiasis infection status in floating populations and livestock, as well as the distribution and infection status of Oncomelania hupensis. Then the surveillance results were analyzed by descriptive method. Results A total of 20 473 person-times floating subjects were monitored, in whom only one person was found to be serologically positive in 2020. No fecal test-positive cases were identified. Surveillance over 5 794 head-times of livestock revealed no fecal test-positive specimens. Snail survey was conducted on a total of 3 164.89 hm2 areas, which suggested that the snail-infested area was decreased annually from 57 971 m² to 29 810 m². A cumulative re-emerged snail-infested area of 1 926 m² was identified, yet no infected snails were found. Except for 2020, snail-infested environments in other years were predominantly associated with ditches. The frame positivity rate of snails in ditches showed an overall increasing trend (χ²_trend=726.425, P<0.001), whereas that in paddy fields and other environments showed a decreasing trend (χ²_trend=17.392 and 127.940, both P<0.001). Conclusion Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region continues to maintain the schistosomiasis elimination status, and absence of local or imported cases. However, the risk of schistosomiasis transmission still exists. In the future, further efforts should be made to improve schistosomiasis monitoring and continuously consolidate the achieved elimination outcomes.

Key words: Schistosomiasis, Floating population, Livestock, Oncomelania hupensis, Surveillance, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region